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Stage drivers changed horses, or mules, about ten or twelve times
in 24 hours, and normally traveled 8 to 10 miles an hour. Today,
riding the dirt roads of Trinidad-Las Animas County is the closest
experience to what early travelers saw on the Santa Fe Trail.
Cattle Drives
The first cattle were driven from Texas into Colorado in 1859.
The really large herds arrived after the Civil War. One of the best
known cattle trails was the Goodnight-Loving Trail, established in
1864 when Oliver Loving drove to Las Vegas, New Mexico Territory,
and crossed at Raton Pass, then to Trinidad, crossed the Arkansas
River near Pueblo, and near Denver sold the cattle to John W.
Iliff. Cattle drives led to farms and ranches springing up after the
Homestead Act of 1866. The roads made to reach them now offer
cyclists a chance to follow trails forged by cowboys who roamed
the Trinidad-Las Animas County outback.
Coal Mining
Coal mining in southern Colorado started around 1864. The
earliest mines were at Starkville and Engleville near Trinidad.
Between 1887 and 1893 new mines were opened at Sopris,
Berwind, Hastings, Forbes Canyon, Peerless, and Brodhead.
Deposits along the Purgatoire River were made accessible by
the railroad, and mines then opened at Primero, Tercio, and
other sites. All coal mines are now closed. The last was the
Golden Eagle mine, located 28 miles west of Trinidad, which
closed on April 19, 1996. It was owned and operated by the
Colorado Fuel and Iron Corporation (C.F. & I.). Today, many of
these mining roads offer cyclists miles of dirt to explore.
FIND YOUR OWN ROAD
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