GUIDELINES
Architect
Registration
Examination®
TABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTS
© 2022 National Council of Architectural
Registration Boards (NCARB)
This document, eective September 2022, applies to the 5.0
version of the Architect Registration Examination® delivered
with PSI. This document was revised September 2022.
INTRODUCTION 4
About NCARB .......................................................................................................... 4
NCARB’s Role ............................................................................................................ 4
Licensure (Registration) ........................................................................................ 5
NCARB Certification ............................................................................................. 6
Benefits of the Certificate ................................................................................. 6
About the ARE ......................................................................................................... 7
Definition of Competence as Related to the ARE ................................. 7
ARE 5.0 Divisions .....................................................................................................8
HOW TO TAKE THE ARE 9
Establishing Exam Eligibility ............................................................................... 9
Maintaining Exam Eligibility ..............................................................................10
NCARB’s Rolling Clock ......................................................................................... 10
SCHEDULING, RESCHEDULING,
OR CANCELING AN EXAM 11
Exam Delivery ...........................................................................................................11
Exam Scheduling .....................................................................................................11
Scheduling an Exam Appointment................................................................12
Rescheduling or Canceling an Exam Appointment ...............................12
Rescheduling When Your Test Center is Closed .................................... 13
Exam Fees and Payment Options ..................................................................14
TESTING ACCOMMODATIONS 15
Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) Accommodations ................ 15
English as a Second Language (ESL) Accommodations .......................15
Applying for ADA Accommodations ...........................................................16
Applying for ESL Accommodations ..............................................................17
Accommodations Not Supported for Online Appointments .........17
Pre-Approved Personal Items ..........................................................................18
IDENTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS 19
Acceptable Forms of Identification ..............................................................19
Unacceptable Forms of Identification ........................................................19
TAKING AN EXAM AT A PSI TEST CENTER 20
Arriving at the Test Center ..............................................................................20
Personal Belongings at the Test Center ......................................................21
Security Screening ................................................................................................ 21
Taking a Break During Your Exam ..................................................................22
Completing Your Exam ......................................................................................22
Technical Issues During Your Exam .............................................................. 23
Candidate Conduct at the Test Center ..................................................... 24
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT.)TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT.)
TAKING AN ONLINE-PROCTORED
EXAM WITH PSI 25
Scheduling a Test Run ........................................................................................25
PSI Technical Requirements and Systems Check ..................................26
NCARB Technical Requirements ...................................................................27
Setting up Your Testing Space .......................................................................29
Launching Your Online Exam .......................................................................... 30
Security Screening ................................................................................................ 31
Taking a Break During Your Online Exam ................................................... 31
Completing Your Online Exam ...................................................................... 32
Technical Issues During Your Online Exam ............................................... 32
Candidate Conduct During Your Online Exam ...................................... 34
RECEIVING YOUR SCORE 35
Score Reporting ....................................................................................................35
Reading Your Ocial Score Report ............................................................. 37
Sharing Your Score ..............................................................................................39
The Passing Standard .......................................................................................... 39
ARE Scoring .............................................................................................................39
After an Unsuccessful Attempt .....................................................................40
REPORTING TEST CONCERNS 41
Inquiries About Specific Exam Questions .................................................41
EXAM SECURITY AND
CANDIDATE MISCONDUCT 42
Exam Security .........................................................................................................42
ARE Candidate Agreement .............................................................................. 42
ARE Candidate Misconduct ............................................................................. 43
EXAM DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE 44
How ARE 5.0 Was Created ...............................................................................44
Development of ARE 5.0 ..................................................................................44
Maintenance of ARE 5.0 .................................................................................... 46
EXAM STRUCTURE 47
Delivery Format .....................................................................................................47
ARE 5.0 Division Structure................................................................................48
Cognitive Levels ....................................................................................................49
Example of a U/A-Level Item..........................................................................50
Example of a A/E-Level Item ...........................................................................51
ARE 5.0 Item Types .............................................................................................. 52
ARE 5.0 Case Studies ..........................................................................................58
EXAM NAVIGATION AND TOOLS 61
Testing Interface ....................................................................................................61
Exam Summary ......................................................................................................62
Calculator .................................................................................................................63
Whiteboard ............................................................................................................. 65
Case Study Navigation.......................................................................................67
EXAM CONTENT 68
Practice Management.........................................................................................69
Project Management ......................................................................................... 75
Programming & Analysis ....................................................................................82
Project Planning & Design................................................................................ 89
Project Development & Documentation................................................. 96
Construction & Evaluation................................................................................105
STUDY RESOURCES 111
ARE 5.0 Reference Matrix ..................................................................................111
ARE 5.0 Practice Exams ......................................................................................117
Common Abbreviations ...................................................................................119
Formulas Available While Testing ................................................................123
Structural Resources ..........................................................................................127
Typical Beam Nomenclature ......................................................................... 129
Additional Helpful Resources ....................................................................... 130
APPENDICES 131
Appendix A: ARE Candidate Agreement ................................................... 131
Appendix B: PSI Online Proctoring
Candidate Privacy Agreement ......................................................................132
Appendix C: Policy for the ARE:
Exam Candidate Conduct ...............................................................................133
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ARE 5.0 GUIDELINES | SEPTEMBER 2022
4
About NCARB
The National Council of Architectural Registration Boards’ (NCARB) membership is made up of the architectural
licensing boards of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the
U.S. Virgin Islands. NCARB, in collaboration with these boards, facilitates the licensure and credentialing of architects
to protect the health, safety, and welfare of the public.
While each jurisdiction is responsible for regulating the
practice of architecture within its borders, NCARB works
with its Member Boards and volunteers to develop and
facilitate national standards for licensure, including the
national examination and experience program. NCARB
also recommends regulatory guidelines for licensing
boards and helps architects expand their professional
reach through the NCARB Certificate.
NCARB’s Role
NCARB’s services span the many phases of your career, from student to practicing architect. Whether you’re
navigating the Architectural Experience Program® (AXP®), completing the Architect Registration Examination® (ARE®),
or earning your NCARB Certificate, NCARB is here to help.
Through your NCARB Record, NCARB will securely store all the documentation of your professional history needed
to earn a license, so that it is ready to be sent to the jurisdiction of your choice.
In addition to our national programs, NCARB also assists its members and customers with initiatives related to:
• Future-focused research
• Data sharing
• Promoting awareness of the path to licensure
• Advocating for reasonable regulation of the architecture profession
• Developing tools and resources to aid the work of licensing boards
You can learn more about NCARB’s goals and objectives by reading our
Strategic Plan.
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
NCARB Record
Customer Relations
Experience
AXP
Education
University
Examination
ARE 5.0
NCARB, in collaboration with
licensing boards, facilitates the
licensure and credentialing of
architects to protect the health,
safety, and welfare of the public.
NCARB MISSION
ARE 5.0 GUIDELINES | SEPTEMBER 2022
INTRODUCTION
5
Licensure (Registration)
To practice architecture in the United States, you must earn a license
from a U.S. state or territory (called a “jurisdiction”) where you intend
to practice. Earning a license signals to your firm, clients, and the public
that you’ve developed the essential knowledge and skills to practice
architecture safely and competently. And once you’re licensed, you can
call yourself an architect.
Each of the 55 U.S. jurisdictions has its own set of requirements for licensure—you can find them at
ncarb.org/requirements. While understanding the specific requirements in your jurisdiction is essential,
most jurisdictions require three key components:
NCARB uses the words “licensure”
and “registration” interchangeably
when talking about the process of
becoming an architect.
LICENSURE/REGISTRATION
EDUCATION
For most candidates, the first step toward getting licensed is earning a degree. Most
jurisdictions require that applicants for licensure graduate from an architecture program
accredited by the National Architectural Accrediting Board (NAAB) or its Canadian
equivalent. Some jurisdictions oer alternative ways to satisfy the education requirement,
which you can explore on NCARB’s Licensing Requirements Tool.
More information about starting your education in architecture can be found in NCARB’s
Education Guidelines.
EXPERIENCE
To earn a license in most jurisdictions, you’ll also need to complete the AXP by earning and
reporting a variety of real-world experience. The AXP outlines six key areas of architectural
practice, as well as specific tasks you need to be able to competently perform before you
earn a license.
More information about earning experience can be found in the AXP Guidelines.
EXAMINATION
Each of the 55 U.S jurisdictions requires that applicants for an architecture license complete
the ARE. The ARE is a multi-part, national exam that focuses on aspects of practice related to
health, safety, and welfare.
All you need to know about the exam’s policies, procedures, and content is outlined in
this document.
ARE 5.0 GUIDELINES | SEPTEMBER 2022
INTRODUCTION
6
NCARB Certification
Once you’ve earned your initial license, you can apply for an NCARB
Certificate! Being NCARB certified helps you get the most out of your
career in architecture by providing the mobility to go wherever your
work takes you. With an NCARB Certificate in hand, it’s simpler to get
licensed across jurisdictions—allowing you the freedom and flexibility to
pursue your career and connect with clients regardless of location. Plus,
being certified signifies that you have met the national standards
for licensure. Learn more in the NCARB Certification Guidelines.
Benefits of the Certificate
Once you’ve earned your NCARB Certificate, you can take advantage of all the following benefits:
PROFESSIONAL MOBILITY
Having an NCARB Certificate gives you the flexibility to
apply for reciprocal licensure in all 55 U.S. jurisdictions,
in addition to some international locations.
FREE CONTINUING EDUCATION
Certificate holders have access to NCARB’s free
continuing education courses as part of our
Continuum Education Program, a collection of
in-depth, online self-study materials that help
professionals maintain and expand their competence.
COMPETITIVE EDGE
You can use the “NCARB” credential in your title,
which demonstrates you’ve met national standards
for licensure. This qualification, and the flexibility it
provides, can be an important factor for firms when
hiring and promoting.
SECURE RECORDS
As a Certificate holder, you don’t have to worry about
record keeping. All your professional information is
stored on our secure servers—ready whenever you
need it.
LEADERSHIP OPPORTUNITIES
Certificate holders are often the first to hear about
volunteer opportunities on licensing boards and
NCARB committees, which shape the future of our
programs and services.
ARE 5.0 GUIDELINES | SEPTEMBER 2022
INTRODUCTION
7
About the ARE
The ARE is developed by NCARB and is used by U.S. jurisdictions as
the examination for candidates seeking architectural licensure. It is also
accepted by select Canadian provincial and territorial architectural
associations for licensure.
The ARE assesses a candidate’s knowledge and skills to provide various
services required in the practice of architecture. No single examination
can test for competency in all aspects of architectural practice; the ARE is
not intended for that purpose. The ARE concentrates on the professional
services that aect the public’s health, safety, and welfare.
In addition to testing for competence in specific subject areas, NCARB
is aware of the responsibilities an architect may have for coordinating the activities of others involved in the
design/construction process. The ARE assesses a candidate’s qualifications in exercising the skills and judgment of a
generalist working with numerous specialists.
Definition of Competence as Related to the ARE
To protect the health, safety, and welfare of the public, a newly licensed architect practicing independently must
demonstrate the competence to be responsible for a project from its inception through completion. This includes,
but is not limited to, the ability to:
• Apply architectural business practices
• Evaluate legal, ethical, and contractual standards
• Establish and coordinate project team activities
• Establish programmatic and regulatory requirements
• Provide design alternatives
• Evaluate and incorporate appropriate materials and building systems
• Provide and coordinate project documentation for a building and site
• Provide construction phase services
• Assess the project during all phases
• Address environmental sustainability, resiliency, and adaptation throughout project design
The ARE includes measurements
in inch-pound units only.
The ARE is only available in English.
LANGUAGES
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
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INTRODUCTION
8
ARE 5.0 Divisions
ARE 5.0 evaluates your knowledge and skills in six areas of practice that are essential to protecting the public’s health,
safety, and welfare. The number of questions (also called items) and the time available to complete them depends
on the division.
DIVISION
NUMBER
OF ITEMS
TEST
DURATION
ALLOWED
BREAK TIME
TOTAL
APPOINTMENT TIME*
Practice Management 65 2 hr 40 min 30 min 3 hr 20 min
Project Management 75 3 hr 30 min 3 hr 40 min
Programming & Analysis 75 3 hr 30 min 3 hr 40 min
Project Planning & Design 100 4 hr 5 min 45 min 5 hr
Project Development &
Documentation
100 4 hr 5 min 45 min 5 hr
Construction & Evaluation 75 3 hr 30 min 3 hr 40 min
TOTAL TIME: 19 hr 50 min 24 hr 20 min
* Total appointment time includes 10 minutes for introductory and exit screens.
Learn more about the format of each exam division, or explore the content covered in each division.
ARE 5.0 GUIDELINES | SEPTEMBER 2022
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Establishing Exam Eligibility
To take the ARE, you must request exam eligibility through your NCARB Record by following the steps
outlined below:
1) Establish an NCARB Record by filling out the online application at https://my.ncarb.org/.
2) Log in to your NCARB Record and click on the “Exams” tab.
3) Click the “Request Eligibility” button and select the jurisdiction where you want to be licensed to
practice architecture.
4) If you meet the ARE eligibility requirements in the jurisdiction where you want to be licensed to practice
architecture, the board will provide your exam eligibility (or NCARB will approve your request if your
board participates in NCARB’s Exam Eligibility Services).
5) You will receive a confirmation email immediately after submitting your request with instructions on how to
continue and a second email after your eligibilities have been established.
6) After your eligibilities have been established, verify that the name indicated in your NCARB Record is
accurate and matches the name printed on an acceptable form of identification. If your first and last name
are incorrect, immediately notify NCARB. Do not schedule an appointment to test until you have verified
that the first and last name in your NCARB Record match the first and last name on an acceptable form
of identification.
HOW TO TAKE HOW TO TAKE
THE ARETHE ARE
HOW TO TAKE THE ARE
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TEST ACTIVITY STATUS
Most jurisdictions have a test activity requirement that
is separate from NCARB’s rolling clock (see below). Your
eligibilities to test may expire if you have not attempted
to test (pass or fail) within a five-year period. If your
jurisdiction-based eligibility period expires before you
complete the ARE, you must contact your board of
architecture (or NCARB if you were made eligible to take
the ARE through a jurisdiction participating in the Exam
Eligibilities Services Program) to establish a new eligibility
under the current procedures of your board.
MAINTAINING EXAM ELIGIBILITY
WITH YOUR JURISDICTION
You are responsible for maintaining your exam eligibility
with your jurisdiction. Because the rules vary from
jurisdiction to jurisdiction and are subject to change, it is
important for you to stay informed of your jurisdiction’s
policies and procedures. This includes notifying your
board of any address changes so they can contact
you about eligibility renewals or any other important
licensure information.
Maintaining Exam Eligibility
ROLLING CLOCK OVERVIEW
A passing grade for any division of the ARE is valid
for an initial period of five years plus any extensions
granted under the rolling clock extension policy, after
which time the passing score for your division will
expire unless you have completed the ARE.
In addition to NCARB’s rolling clock policy, your
jurisdiction may have its own retake limit/exam validity
time frame. Please contact your jurisdiction directly to
determine your exam status under its rules and policies.
ROLLING CLOCK EXTENSION PROCESS
You can receive an extension to your rolling clock for
the birth or adoption of a child or if you were not
able to take the ARE due to a serious medical
condition, active military service, natural disaster,
or other like causes.
To be considered for a rolling clock extension, you
must submit requests for a rolling clock extension
directly to NCARB. Any request, including appropriate
back-up documentation and a completed Rolling Clock
Extension Request Form, must be received by NCARB
before the passing score for your division expires.
NCARB manages eligibilities for candidates in
participating jurisdictions whose requirements align
with NCARB’s current education and experience
requirements. If your jurisdiction participates in
Exam Eligibility Services but you don’t meet the
education and experience requirements, contact
NCARB to learn about alternative methods of
receiving exam eligibilities.
WHAT ARE NCARB’S EXAM
ELIGIBILITY SERVICES?
NCARB’s Rolling Clock
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Exam Delivery
The ARE is available at both PSI test centers and through PSI’s secure online proctoring delivery software, Bridge.
Prior to scheduling an exam appointment, read and understand the requirements for taking an exam at a PSI test
center and the requirements for taking an exam via online proctoring. You will be provided a consistent and secure
testing experience in both delivery modalities.
Exam Scheduling
After you have been made eligible to test, you can schedule ARE appointments.
• You may take any division of the ARE at any time, and in any sequence you choose.
• You must pay for and schedule a separate appointment for each division of the ARE.
• You can take the ARE at any participating PSI test center or online, regardless of the jurisdiction where you are
seeking initial registration.
• You can find the divisions you are eligible to take within the “Exams” tab of your NCARB Record.
• Testing reservations are accepted on a first-come, first-served basis and are restricted by seat and/or
proctor availability.
• You must schedule your appointment a minimum of 48 hours in advance for exams delivered at a test center
and 24 hours in advance for exams delivered using online proctoring.
Testing accommodations must be approved prior to the scheduling of an exam appointment and can’t be
retroactively applied to previously scheduled appointments.
SCHEDULING, RESCHEDULING, SCHEDULING, RESCHEDULING,
OR CANCELING AN EXAMOR CANCELING AN EXAM
SCHEDULING, RESCHEDULING, OR CANCELING AN EXAM
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Scheduling an Exam Appointment
The scheduling process requires you to read and acknowledge several ARE policies and procedures, so please be
prepared to spend 15-30 minutes scheduling your exam appointment. You’ll be expected to verify your contact
information and acknowledge that you have read NCARB’s ARE Candidate Agreement, PSI’s Test Center Candidate
Security Agreement (if testing at a PSI test center), and PSI’s Online Proctoring Candidate Privacy Agreement (if
testing using online proctoring).
To schedule an exam appointment, follow the steps outlined below:
1) Log into your NCARB Record and click the “Exams” tab.
2) Within the “Exams” tab, you will see a “Schedule Division” button. Use the drop down arrow adjacent to this
button to select the ARE division that you would like to schedule.
3) The ARE scheduling system will guide you through the scheduling process. If you have any questions while
scheduling your exam, please contact NCARB for assistance.
4) After you have scheduled an exam appointment, you can view your appointment information within the
“Exams” tab of your NCARB Record. You will also receive a confirmation email with your appointment details.
If you have an approved testing accommodation and are scheduling an exam at a PSI test center, you will be
required to submit a contact phone number during the scheduling process. A PSI representative will reach out to
you within 48 hours to provide assistance with scheduling your exam. If PSI is unable to reach you by phone, they
will also email you at the address listed in your NCARB Record. Be on the lookout for an email from an @psionline.
com domain, and if possible, add them to your safe senders list. You might need to check your junk or spam.
Rescheduling or Canceling an Exam Appointment
You can reschedule an appointment through your NCARB Record 48 hours in advance for exams scheduled at a test
center and 24 hours in advance for online proctored exams. Rescheduling an appointment can only be done via your
NCARB Record.
For both test center and online-proctored delivery, you may reschedule an appointment with one delivery modality
to a new appointment with the other delivery modality—for example, you can reschedule an online-proctored
appointment to be taken at a test center and vice versa. You may also reschedule a test center appointment to a
new appointment at a dierent test center. You will need to select a new date and time. If you only want to change
the delivery modality of your appointment, you still must go through the rescheduling process.
You may cancel your appointment in either modality up to one hour before your scheduled appointment time. Any
changes to scheduled appointments will be subject to exam rescheduling and cancellation fees. If you fail to arrive
for your scheduled appointment or attempt to reschedule an appointment without giving the required notice, you
will forfeit the entire test fee.
SCHEDULING, RESCHEDULING, OR CANCELING AN EXAM
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13
To reschedule or cancel an appointment, follow the steps outlined below:
1) Log into your NCARB Record and click the “Exams” tab.
2) Within the “Exams” tab, you will see a “Reschedule or Cancel” button for each exam division that you
currently have scheduled. Click on this button to reschedule or cancel.
3) The ARE scheduling system will guide you through the rescheduling or cancellation process. If you have any
questions while rescheduling or canceling your exam, please contact NCARB for assistance.
4) Reschedule only—After you have rescheduled your exam appointment, you can view your appointment
information within the “Exams” tab of your NCARB Record. You will also receive a confirmation email with
your new appointment details.
5) Cancellation only—After you have canceled your exam appointment, an exam seat will be applied to your
NCARB Record within 24 hours. The seat will expire one year from the date of the transaction. Cancellations
are subject to the exam cancellation fee.
Rescheduling When Your Test Center is Closed
In the event your test center is closed during your scheduled appointment time, you will be contacted by NCARB.
You will also receive a replacement exam seat within your NCARB Record, which you can use to reschedule your
exam for a new date and time. Neither NCARB nor PSI will provide impacted candidates with compensation for lost
time due to a test center closure.
If you are unsure whether a test center is closed due to inclement weather or any other reason, please refer to PSI’s
Test Center Openings page. If the center is open, it is your responsibility to keep the appointment. If the center is
closed, you will be given the opportunity to reschedule.
< 48 HOURS
Rescheduling Not Available for In-Person Exams
< 24 HOURS
Rescheduling Not Available for Online Exams
E XAM
DAY
> 24 HOURS
Rescheduling Available for Online Exams
> 1 HOUR
Cancel Available for In-Person and Online Exams
> 48 HOURS
Rescheduling Available for In-Person Exams
SCHEDULING, RESCHEDULING, OR CANCELING AN EXAM
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EXAM SCHEDULING FEES
• Cost of the ARE (six divisions): $1,410
• Individual divisions: $235
• Retakes: $235
PAYMENT OPTIONS
You may purchase an exam seat (which is valid
for a one-year period) prior to scheduling your
appointment, or you may submit payment at the end
of the scheduling process. Please note, third-party
payment is only available when purchasing exam seats
prior to scheduling.
All payment must be made in your NCARB Record
using VISA, MasterCard, or American Express.
EXAM RESCHEDULING FEES
You may reschedule your appointment up to 48
hours before an in-person appointment and 24 hours
before an online appointment. You can reschedule
appointments free of charge.
EXAM CANCELLATION FEES
You may cancel your appointment for a $100 fee up
to one hour before your scheduled appointment
time. You will receive a replacement exam seat, which
will expire one year from the date of the transaction.
REFUNDS
NCARB does not oer refunds of exam, rescheduling,
or cancellation fees.
EXAM FORFEITURE
If you fail to arrive at your in-person or online
appointment, you will be marked as absent and your
entire test fee will be forfeited.
PAYMENT DISCREPANCIES/DEBT
NCARB reserves the right to withhold test scores and
suspend test-taking privileges until any outstanding debt
or payment discrepancies with NCARB are resolved.
VETERANS AFFAIRS BENEFIT
The ARE has been approved by the Department of
Veterans Aairs and qualifies as an education benefit.
U.S. military veterans may be eligible for payment
assistance to take divisions of the ARE. Please contact
your regional Veterans Aairs Oce for further
details regarding the program, or visit the Veteran’s
Aairs website.
$50 REBATE FOR FIRST
ONLINE-PROCTORED APPOINTMENT
To help oset the cost of meeting the system
requirements for testing via online proctoring (such
as the cost to purchase an external webcam), NCARB
will provide all candidates who schedule their first
online appointment with a $50 prepaid card. A
test run does not count as a first online proctored
appointment. Every ARE candidate who tests online
is eligible to receive one rebate. This prepaid card is
issued automatically after a candidate schedules their
first online-proctored appointment. Candidates who
do not schedule an online-proctored appointment
are not eligible. The prepaid card will be delivered to
the email address on file in your NCARB Record.
Exam Fees and Payment Options
PREPAID CARD
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Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) Accommodations
NCARB and PSI are committed to ensuring the availability of reasonable accommodations for qualifying
individuals by making feasible modifications to our examination procedures for candidates with documented
disabilities or temporary medical conditions. This includes appropriate accommodations for individuals who are
pregnant or breastfeeding.
To protect exam security, maintain the validity of the exam, and meet the overall delivery capabilities of the ARE,
there are limits to the accommodations that NCARB and PSI are able to provide. NCARB will use the Americans with
Disabilities Act (ADA) as a guide when evaluating requests. Common examples of reasonable ADA accommodations
include additional break time, extended testing time (up to 50 percent longer), and testing in a separate room within
the test center.
Testing accommodations are granted to allow equal access to the ARE and to ensure fairness to all candidates while
remaining consistent with ADA principles. NCARB will not grant requests that will alter the measurement of the skills
or knowledge that the ARE is intended to test or result in an undue burden on NCARB or PSI.
ACCOMMODATIONS FOR PREGNANCY AND NURSING
NCARB and PSI oer reasonable ADA accommodations for individuals who are pregnant or breastfeeding. Common
examples include additional break time, extended testing time (up to 50 percent longer), candidate-supplied
food or drink, and testing in a separate room within the test center. If you are planning to test while pregnant or
breastfeeding, please contact NCARB for more information on how NCARB and PSI can support you.
English as a Second Language (ESL) Accommodations
NCARB oers two language accommodations for qualified ARE candidates who speak or read English as a second
language. The accommodations include:
• Additional testing time: Twenty percent (20%) of the original testing time for each division added as an
extension to the original testing time.
• Word-to-word translation dictionary: For candidates testing at a PSI test center, use of a personally supplied,
printed word-to-word translation dictionary of the candidate’s choosing that has no additional notes or
markings added to the text. The dictionary will be inspected by test center sta. This accommodation is not
available for online proctored exams.
TESTING ACCOMMODATIONSTESTING ACCOMMODATIONS
TESTING ACCOMMODATIONS
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ELIGIBILITY
You are eligible for an ESL accommodation if English is not your native language. You will be required to attest to this
as part of the application process.
NEW YORK LIMITATIONS
New York will not accept an examination given under non-standard conditions except per the provisions of the
Americans with Disabilities Act. Examples of such non-standard conditions include the use of a word-to-word
translation dictionary or extra testing time for applicants who are English as a second language (ESL) readers. If you
pass the examination under such non-standard conditions for another jurisdiction, you will be required to retake the
examination under standard conditions.
Applying for ADA Accommodations
Accommodations must be approved prior to the scheduling of an exam appointment and can’t be retroactively
applied to previously scheduled appointments.
To apply for an ADA testing accommodation, follow the steps outlined below:
1) Download and Complete the ADA Accommodations Request Form
Download the form from NCARB’s website. If applicable, you may provide:
a) Documentation of any past accommodations to support your request, and/or
b) A specific diagnosis by an appropriately licensed professional that includes a description of the
appropriate accommodations for your condition .
2) Submit the ADA Accommodations Request Form
Submit the completed form, including any documentation, to NCARB at
Testingaccommodations@ncarb.org
with the subject line “ADA Accommodation.” Some jurisdictions require accommodation requests to be
submitted directly to the licensing board. Refer to the ADA Accommodations Request Form for jurisdiction
specific information on where to submit your completed form.
3) Receive Accommodations Approval
Accommodations must be approved prior to the scheduling of an exam appointment. Do not attempt to
schedule an appointment before receiving written approval. Please allow 7-10 business days for NCARB to
process your request. If your request must be submitted to your licensing board, the process may take longer.
4) Schedule Your Appointment
Once you have been approved for testing accommodations, you will receive instructions on how to schedule
an appointment. While some appointments may be able to be scheduled through your NCARB Record,
depending on the accommodation, it may be necessary to schedule by phone. Do not attempt
to schedule any exam appointments until you receive written notification that accommodations have
been approved.
TESTING ACCOMMODATIONS
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Applying for ESL Accommodations
Accommodations must be approved prior to the scheduling of an exam appointment and can’t be retroactively
applied to previously scheduled appointments.
To apply for ESL testing accommodations, follow the steps outlined below:
1) Download the Application
Download and review the Application for English as a Second Language Testing Accommodations form
from NCARB’s website. Please note: New York does not accept divisions of the ARE passed using an ESL
accommodation.
2) Submit the Application
After you have completed the application, please email it to NCARB at Testingaccommodations@ncarb.org
with the subject line “ESL Accommodation.”
3) Receive Accommodations Approval
Accommodations must be approved prior to the scheduling of an exam appointment. Do not attempt to
schedule an appointment before receiving written approval. Please allow 7-10 business days for NCARB to
process your request.
4) Schedule Your Appointment.
Once you have been approved for testing accommodations, you will receive instructions on how to schedule
an appointment. While some appointments may be able to be scheduled through your NCARB Record,
depending on the accommodation, it may be necessary to schedule by phone. Do not attempt to schedule
any exam appointments until you receive written notification that accommodations have been approved.
Please note: NCARB conducts audits to verify the validity of applications for ESL accommodations.
Accommodations Not Supported for Online Appointments
Some available accommodations (e.g. word-to-word translation dictionary, reader, sign language interpreter,
physical scratch paper, etc.) are not supported for online-proctored appointments. Candidates requiring these
accommodations must test in a test center. If your testing accommodation request is only available via onsite
testing, NCARB will inform you during the evaluation process.
TESTING ACCOMMODATIONS
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MEDICINE AND MEDICAL DEVICES
• Arm/shoulder sling
• Bandages
• Braces – neck, back, wrist, leg, or ankle
• Casts/cervical collar
• Cough drops (must be unwrapped and not in a
bottle/container)
• Earplugs (foam with no strings)
• EpiPen
• Eye drops
• Eye patches
• Eyeglasses (without a case)
• Glucose tablets
• Handheld magnifying glass (non-electric, no case)
• Ice packs/Non-electrical heating pads
• Inhaler
• Medical alert bracelet
• Medical masks
• Medical rubber gloves
• Nitroglycerin tablets
• Pillow/lumbar support
• Pills (must be unwrapped and not in a bottle/
container). Candidates may bring pills that are
still in the packaging if the packaging states
they MUST remain in the packaging, such as
nitroglycerin pills that cannot be exposed to air.
• Stool for elevating a limb
• Surgical facemask
• Walking boot casts
MEDICAL DEVICES
(ATTACHED TO A PERSON’S BODY)
• Catheter
• Ostomy bag/appliance
• Insulin pump
• Oxygen tank
• Spinal cord stimulator
• TENS units (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve
Stimulation) for nerve pain
• Urine drainage bag
COMMUNICATION AIDS
• Hearing aid/cochlear implant
• Vocal cord magnifiers
MOBILITY DEVICES
• Cane
• Crutches
• Walker
• Wheelchair
OTHER
• Service animal
Pre-Approved Personal Items
You DO NOT need to request testing accommodations for the specific items indicated below. However, if any
other accommodations are needed that are not listed below, the formal testing accommodation request process
indicated previously must be followed.
For example, if you wear a hearing aid (which by itself does not require approval) and require a separate room
and/or additional break time, etc.; the formal testing accommodation request process indicated previously must
be followed.
All pre-approved personal items are subject to inspection by the test center administrator or online proctor. If
an approved medical device makes any alert noises, it must be able to be silenced. If you are unable to silence
your medical device, you will need to request a formal testing accommodation.
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IDENTIFICATIONIDENTIFICATION
REQUIREMENTSREQUIREMENTS
When you arrive at the test center or online-proctored exam check-in, you will be required to present an
acceptable form of identification as outlined below. You will not be admitted to the examination without
acceptable identification, and there will be no refund of your test fee.
Your identification must be valid (not expired) and include your full name, photo, and signature. The first
and last name on the identification must be the same as the first and last name that appears in your NCARB
Record. If you need to change the name shown in your NCARB Record, you must send a request and ocial
documentation to NCARB. Name discrepancies must be resolved at least seven (7) business days prior to
your scheduled exam appointment.
ACCEPTABLE FORMS OF IDENTIFICATION
• Driver’s license
• State issued ID
• Passport
• National ID card
• Residency card
• Green card
UNACCEPTABLE FORMS OF IDENTIFICATION
• Expired ID
• ID with no photo or signature
• Military ID
• Draft classification card
• Letter of identity from a notary
• Social Security card
• Credit card or bank card of any kind
• Employee ID
If you are testing using online proctoring, your webcam must have the ability to autofocus on your ID, or you will
not be able to complete the check-in process.
20
TAKING AN EXAM AT TAKING AN EXAM AT
A PSI TEST CENTERA PSI TEST CENTER
Before scheduling an exam at a test center, please read about PSI test centers on PSI’s Taking the ARE webpage and
review the test center policies and procedures outlined in this document.
Arriving at the Test Center
You should arrive at the test center at least 30 minutes before your scheduled appointment. If you arrive later
than 30 minutes after your scheduled appointment time, you may be required to forfeit your appointment and your
test fee will not be refunded.
Your test session should begin within 30 minutes of your scheduled appointment. If circumstances arise that delay
your test session more than 30 minutes after your scheduled appointment time, you will be given the choice of
continuing to wait or rescheduling your appointment.
Upon arrival at the PSI test center, you must review and sign the PSI Test Center Candidate Security Agreement. If
you do not sign the agreement, your exam will be canceled, and all exam fees will be forfeited. After signing in with
the proctor, you must remain in the test center throughout your exam appointment. Leaving the test center for any
reason during your exam, including while on a break, may result in your exam being canceled, and there will be no
refund of your test fee.
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Personal Belongings at the Test Center
Before beginning the security screening, you will be asked to present a proper form of identification, as outlined in
the Identification Requirements section of this document, and place all personal belongings into a secure storage
locker or bag provided by PSI.
Personal belongings include, but are not limited to, the following items:
• Electronic devices of any type (must be turned o), including cell phones, smart watches,
computers, calculators, tablets, headphones, earbuds, etc.
• Bulky or loose clothing or coats that could be used to conceal recording devices or notes,
including all outerwear
• Hats or headgear not worn for religious reasons
• Reference materials, notebooks, paper, and pens
• Other personal items, including purses, wallets, keys, backpacks, large jewelry, food, drinks, etc.
Small lockers or storage bags are provided at test centers for candidates’ use to secure small personal items only.
Lockers or storage bags WILL NOT accommodate large items like briefcases, backpacks, laptops, purses, or other
large personal items. Do not bring large items to the testing center. Any personal belonging that does not fit into a
secure locker or locker bag may not remain in the test center, with no exceptions. Failure to comply may result in
your exam being canceled, and there will be no refund of your test fee.
You will not have access to your personal belongings that are placed in secure storage while in the testing room.
You may access your personal belongings in secure storage after first completing the check-out procedure with the
proctor, either by going on break during your test or by completing your test administration.
Security Screening
To ensure the integrity of the ARE, specific security measures are enforced prior to and during your exam
administration. You will be subject to a security screening prior to entering the testing room, including returns
from breaks.
During the screening, you will be asked to complete the following:
• Roll up/roll down sleeves
• Roll up pant legs (to the knee)
• Empty all pockets, including back pockets
• Remove glasses for inspection
• Show ears to ensure electronic devices are not in use
Candidates refusing to be scanned may not be permitted to test.
Following the security screening, you will be escorted to a workstation by the proctor. You must remain in your seat
during your examination, except when authorized to leave by the test center sta.
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Taking a Break During Your Exam
Each division of the ARE includes break time, which may be used all at once or split into multiple breaks throughout
your test until you have used up the allotted time. If you need additional breaks beyond your allotted time, you
may take a break, but the exam timer will continue to count down. During a break, you must remain within the PSI
test center. Leaving the test center during a break may result in your exam being canceled, and there will be no
refund of your test fee.
For every break you wish to take during your exam, you will be required to navigate to the “On Break” screen and
notify the proctor that you intend to take a break. Failure to do so may result in your exam being terminated.
Please make sure to use the following process when taking a break:
1) Navigate to the “Exam Summary” page.
2) Click the “Break” button in the upper-right corner.
3) A pop-up window will appear that asks, “Do you wish to start a break?” Click “Yes” in the lower left corner if
you are sure you want to use your break time.
4) The “On Break” screen will appear.
5) Notify the proctor that you are starting a break.
6) You must comply with all PSI re-admittance security procedures each time you return from a break.
Following a break, all items that you have already viewed will be locked, including those marked for later
review, and you will not be able to view or edit them again.
Completing Your Exam
When you are finished answering all items within your exam,
click the “End Exam” button and confirm through the pop-up
that you would like to submit your exam for scoring.
After ending your exam, you will be given the option to view
provisional feedback on your exam performance. You can read
more about ARE scoring in the Receiving Your Score section of
this document.
When you are finished with your examination, quietly leave
the testing room. The test center administrator will dismiss you
after completing all necessary PSI check-out procedures.
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Technical Issues During Your Exam
If a software or hardware problem occurs before or during your exam administration, please follow the steps
outlined below:
1) Notifying the Proctor
Immediately raise your hand and notify the proctor that you are experiencing a technical issue. If there is an
error message on the screen, do not clear the message.
2) Troubleshooting the Issue
Allow the proctor and technical support team sucient time to troubleshoot and resolve the issue. In the
event your computer must be restarted, the exam delivery software has been designed to suspend testing
time until the computer is operating again. Most candidates who experience an exam restart are able to
complete their exam administration without further interruption.
If the proctor and technical support team are able to resolve the issue within 30 minutes, you are expected to
complete your exam administration. If the technical issue delays your test session more than 30 minutes, you
will be given the choice of continuing to wait or rescheduling your appointment.
3) Reporting the Technical Issue
If your exam administration cannot be administered because of technical issues, please file an incident report
with the proctor and contact NCARB in writing. DO NOT wait until you’ve received your test results to
contact NCARB. All concerns must be received within 15 days of your appointment date.
Filing an incident report with the proctor does not satisfy the requirements of notifying NCARB directly.
4) NCARB Investigation
Upon receiving your communication regarding your exam technical issue, NCARB will investigate the technical
issue, including reviewing any logs, documentation, or reports provided by PSI. Following the investigation,
which may take up to five business days, NCARB will reach out to you directly.
5) Resolution
If it is determined that the technical issue was due to an exam software malfunction or other issue outside
of your control, NCARB will provide you with a replacement exam seat and new exam eligibility. NCARB will
not provide candidates who experience a technical issue with a rolling clock extension or compensation for
lost time.
• If you viewed 75 percent or more of the items on your exam prior to the technical issue occurring, you
will be subject to the 60-day retest policy, and your exam will count as a valid, scored exam within your
NCARB Record.
• If you viewed fewer than 75 percent of the items on your exam prior to the technical issue occurring, you
will be provided immediate eligibility to reschedule your exam, you are exempt from the 60-day retest
policy, and your exam score will be invalidated within your NCARB Record.
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Candidate Conduct at the Test Center
A candidate who engages in misconduct, unprofessional behavior, and/or does not heed the administrator or
proctor’s warning to discontinue inappropriate behavior may be dismissed from the test center, have examination
results canceled, and/or have examination eligibilities suspended, and no refund for the administration will be given.
Examples of misconduct in the test center include:
• Failing to follow the instructions of the test center administrator.
• Violating the test center regulations.
• Creating a disturbance of any kind.
• Removing or attempting to remove examination questions and/or responses (in any format).
• Attempting to take the examination for someone else.
• Tampering with the operation of the computer or attempting to use it for any function other than taking
the examination.
• Leaving the testing room without permission.
• Using any unauthorized references or devices.
• Accessing, or attempting to access, inappropriate materials during the exam.
Candidates who engage in any form of misconduct are subject to NCARB’s Policy for the ARE: Exam Candidate
Conduct, which establishes procedures in the case of candidate misconduct.
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TAKING AN ONLINE-PROCTORED TAKING AN ONLINE-PROCTORED
EXAM WITH PSIEXAM WITH PSI
Prior to scheduling an online-proctored exam with PSI, please read and understand the following policies,
procedures, and requirements surrounding online testing. By scheduling a division of the ARE in this delivery
setting, you are acknowledging that your system and testing environment meet all requirements outlined by
both PSI and NCARB.
If you believe that you can’t meet the requirements for online proctoring outlined within this section, please
consider testing in-person at a physical test center. If you schedule an online-proctored appointment but
do not meet the requirements and are unable to test because you do not meet the requirements, you accept
responsibility for any fees lost as a result.
Scheduling a Test Run
Before taking an online-proctored exam, it is highly recommended that you take a free PSI test run to confirm
with a proctor that your computer and testing environment meet the requirements to take an online exam.
You can schedule this appointment through the “Exams” tab within your NCARB Record.
Before you schedule a test run, be aware of the following:
• The test run is designed to help you identify potential problems with your online testing setup. You should
schedule your test run far enough in advance of your actual ARE appointment that you are able to implement
a solution or reschedule if necessary.
• You should be prepared to use the exact same setup for your test run appointment that you are planning to
use for your actual ARE appointment. It’s also recommended that you take your test run at the same time of
day as you plan to take the ARE.
• The test run will operate on PSI’s secure testing browser, Bridge, just like the actual exam.
• During your test run appointment, you’ll go through the same check-in process that you can expect during
your ARE appointment.
You’ll also see a short, unscored “quiz” covering the requirements for online proctoring. If you run into a technical
issue during your test run, work with PSI’s proctor and technical support team to identify and resolve the issue.
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PSI Technical Requirements and Systems Check
Before scheduling an online-proctored exam, please read and understand the requirements and policies within PSI’s
Taking the ARE webpage, including the Online Proctoring Guide for NCARB.
This PSI documentation includes the following content:
• A link to perform a systems check and download Bridge. This check typically takes 1-2 minutes. When you
run the check, please try to replicate the conditions under which you expect to take your test. Use the same
computer, at the same time of day, in the same room, and with the same setup.
• Technical requirements to run Bridge
• Environmental requirements
• Directions on how to check in and launch your exam
• Bridge technical support
• Prohibited items
• Prohibited actions during your exam
• Online proctoring FAQs
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COMPUTER:
• Laptop or desktop computer in a single monitor
configuration. Tablets, Chromebooks, and
touchscreen monitors are not acceptable. Tablet/
laptop hybrids must be configured in laptop mode
with tablet mode disabled. All cables connected
to the computer and/or peripheral devices
must be accessible and visible for full inspection
prior to testing. You must have administrative
permissions on the computer you plan to use for
testing. PSI’s Bridge secure browser may require
you to modify computer settings and close
prohibited programs.
LAPTOP SETUP:
• Laptops are required to be plugged directly into
a power source and unattached from a docking
station. If you wish to use a single external
monitor configuration with your laptop, connect
a computer monitor cable directly from your
external monitor to your laptop and close the
laptop screen. You will not be able to use the
laptop’s integrated keyboard or trackpad.
WEBCAM:
• You must use an external webcam (even if you are
testing from a laptop with an integrated webcam)
with the flexibility and cord length to provide
a 360-degree view of your testing environment
including under your workstation and behind
any monitor. Integrated webcams are NOT
acceptable. Your camera should have the ability
to autofocus to allow the proctor to fully visualize
your ID, your surroundings, and yourself during the
check-in process and throughout testing. To help
oset the potential cost of purchasing an external
webcam, NCARB is oering all candidates a one-
time, $50 rebate the first time they schedule an
online appointment.
KEYBOARD:
• Laptop or external keyboard. If you test from
a laptop plugged into an external monitor, you
must close your laptop screen and use an external
keyboard. If you use a wireless keyboard, ensure
the batteries are fully charged and can last for the
duration of the exam.
AUDIO:
• Your microphone must be enabled at all times,
and headphones, headsets, or earbuds are
NOT allowed. Adjust the speaker volume to a
comfortable setting before launching the Bridge
software.
MOUSE:
• Laptop trackpad or mouse. If you use a wireless
mouse, ensure the batteries are fully charged and
can last for the duration of the exam. If you test
from a laptop plugged into an external monitor,
you must close your laptop screen and use an
external mouse.
MONITOR:
• A single 19-inch or larger monitor displaying at 1920
x 1080 resolution is recommended.
NCARB Technical Requirements
In addition to PSI’s requirements, NCARB has established the following technical requirements to support the
online delivery of the ARE. In instances where PSI’s and NCARB’s requirements do not align, please adhere to the
most stringent requirements.
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INTERNET:
• You will need a minimum of three (3) mbps of
dedicated bandwidth connected through an
ethernet cable. A WiFi connection should not be
used. Make sure there is no additional load (video
streaming, gaming, music, etc.) on your internet
connection during your exam administration.
Consider scheduling your exam at a time when
other individuals in your household/secure testing
location will not be online. You are responsible for
ensuring a stable internet connection throughout
the duration of your exam.
NETWORK AND COMPUTER SECURITY SETTINGS:
• Bridge accesses your computer, including your
camera and microphone, which may be identified
as a security threat by your system. Remember,
you must have administrative permission on
your computer to make changes to security
settings. Prior to your exam, adjust or disable the
security settings on your computer, router, and
those set through your internet service provider
(ISP) to ensure Bridge is not blocked throughout
your appointment. If you’re unsure how to check
your ISP security settings, reach out to your ISP
provider directly.
VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK (VPN):
• Connecting your computer through a VPN can
impact the performance of the exam delivery
software, so you’ll need to disable it prior to your
exam. If using a company computer, reach out to
your company’s IT support team for assistance in
identifying your VPN and disabling it.
OTHER COMPUTER APPLICATIONS:
• Allowing your computer to run applications in the
background while testing via Bridge will impact the
performance of the exam delivery software. To
limit technical disruptions, make sure to close all
applications prior to launching Bridge.
As an online tester, you take full responsibility for ensuring your setup meets the requirements for online
proctoring. This includes the integrity of equipment, internet connectivity, system performance or other issues
related to but not limited to the above that are outside of the control of NCARB, PSI, or NCARB’s other test
delivery vendors.
NCARB is not able to provide technical support regarding individual setup for online-proctored delivery. Prior to
your testing day, review PSI’s Online Proctoring Guide for NCARB and other information on PSI’s Taking the
ARE webpage.
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Setting Up Your Testing Space
Whether you test at your home, oce, school, or other location, your testing environment must meet the
following requirements and any others outlined by PSI:
• Indoors: You must test indoors in a walled environment.
• Privacy: You must have a private space, preferably with a single closing door. No people or animals can be
present in the room while you test. If your testing room does not have a door, you can block the entrance with
a bed sheet.
• Lighting: Your testing environment must be well-lit.
• Quiet: Your room must be free of background noise.
• Workspace: Your computer must be placed on a clutter-free table or desk. You cannot test with your
computer in your lap.
• Free from distractions: The room must be as uncluttered as possible. Your workspace and the surrounding
area must be free of:
○ Reference materials, scratch paper, pens/pencils, notepads, or language dictionaries
○ Calculators
○ Cell phones, smart watches, tablets, or other electronic devices
○ Headphones, earbuds, or any in-ear device
○ Baggage, handbags, purses, wallets, or briefcases
○ Food or beverages
○ Tobacco or other smoking products
If the room you plan to test in has other screens (such as a television), a bookcase, or clutter, please cover these
areas with a bed sheet.
If you are viewed by the proctor with any prohibited items during your exam administration, your exam will be
terminated, and your exam fees will be forfeited.
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Launching Your Online Exam
Before launching your online exam, ensure that your testing environment and system are setup to meet all
requirements outlined by both NCARB and PSI. Failure to appropriately meet the online proctoring requirements
may prevent you from testing, and any fees will be lost as a result.
To launch your online-proctored exam, follow the steps outlined below:
1) Be Ready 30 Minutes Prior to your Exam
You should be prepared to log into your online exam 30 minutes before your scheduled appointment. If you
log in later than 30 minutes after your scheduled appointment time, you may be required to forfeit your
appointment and your test fee will not be refunded.
2) Log into your NCARB Record
Navigate to NCARB.org and log into your NCARB Record. Click on the “Exams” tab to view all
scheduled exams.
3) Locate Your Scheduled Exam
Next, you’ll need to locate your scheduled exam and confirm the exam division, date, and time. Next, click the
“Launch Exam” button.
4) Download and Install PSI’s Bridge Secure Browser
After clicking the “Launch Exam” button, a PSI page will display and automatically download PSI’s Bridge secure
browser. You’ll need to install Bridge on your computer and launch the application.
5) Confirm Your Camera and Microphone
You will be asked to select a webcam and microphone prior to moving to the security screening check-in
process. Remember, you will need to have an external webcam with autofocus to successfully take your
exam online. This prompt may not appear if you have only one camera or one microphone.
At this point, you have successfully launched PSI’s Bridge secure browser and are prepared to begin the check-in and
security screening process. PSI requires all online-proctored candidates to complete the check-in process each time
they access their test, including returns from breaks. Candidates refusing to complete the check-in process will
not be permitted to test.
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Security Screening
To ensure the integrity of the ARE, specific security measures are enforced prior to and during your exam
administration. You will be subject to a security screening prior to beginning your exam, including returns
from breaks.
Prior to your exam, you will be asked to complete a brief check-in process and security screening, requiring you
to complete the following:
• Close any prohibited programs or processes you have running on your computer as identified by
the secure browser
• Accept PSI’s Online Proctoring Candidate Privacy Agreement
• Authenticate your identity by taking a picture of your photo ID. Your ID must meet the requirements outlined
in the Identification Requirements for Check-in section of this document. Please note, failure to have an
external webcam with autofocus will prevent the software from capturing a clear picture of your ID,
which may prevent you from testing.
• Authenticate your identity by taking a selfie
• Complete a 360-degree scan of your testing environment, including the entire worksurface
• Roll up/roll down your sleeves and show your arms to the camera
• Show ears to ensure electronic devices are not in use
• Remove and show glasses
Candidates refusing to complete the check-in process or security screening may not be permitted to test.
Taking a Break During Your Online Exam
Each division of the ARE includes break time, which may be used all at once or split into multiple breaks throughout
your test until you have used up the allotted time. If you need additional breaks beyond your allotted time, you
may take a break, but the exam timer will continue to count down.
For every break you wish to take during your exam, you will be required to navigate to the “On Break” screen
and notify the proctor via chat that you intend to take a break. Failure to do so may result in your exam
being terminated.
Please make sure to use the following process when taking a break:
1) Navigate to the “Exam Summary” page.
2) Click the “Break” button in the upper-right corner.
3) A pop-up window will appear that asks, “Do you wish to start a break?” Click “Yes” in the lower left corner if
you are sure you want to use your break time.
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4) The “On Break” screen will appear.
5) Notify the proctor that you are starting a break.
6) After you have completed your break, please inform the proctor via chat before resuming your exam. You
must comply with all PSI re-admittance security procedures each time you return from a break.
Following a break, all items that you have already viewed will be locked, including those marked for later
review, and you will not be able to view or edit them again.
Completing Your Online Exam
When you are finished answering all items within your exam, click the “End Exam” button and confirm through the
pop-up that you would like to submit your exam for scoring.
After ending your exam, you will be given the option to view provisional feedback on your exam performance. You
can read more about ARE scoring in the Receiving your Score section of this document.
When you are finished with your examination, click the “End Proctoring Session” button inside PSI’s Bridge software
and confirm you want to permanently end your exam session.
Technical Issues During Your Online Exam
In the event that a software or hardware problem occurs before or during your exam administration, please follow
the steps outlined below:
TECHNICAL ISSUES PRIOR TO LAUNCHING YOUR ONLINE EXAM
1) Review the Online Proctoring Technical Requirements
Failure to meet the online proctoring technical and system requirements outlined by NCARB and PSI will
prevent the Bridge software and your exam from successfully launching.
Prior to contacting PSI Technical Support, ensure your system setup, including internet speed, security settings,
and VPN meet all online proctoring requirements. NCARB is not able to provide technical support regarding
individual system setup for online-proctored delivery.
2) Contact PSI Technical Support
After verifying that your system setup meets all requirements, please reach out to PSI Technical Support at
855-560-3716. Allow the PSI Technical Support team sucient time to troubleshoot and resolve the issue.
3) Reporting the Technical Issue
If your exam cannot be administered because of technical or software issues, please contact NCARB in writing
within 15 days of your appointment date.
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4) NCARB Investigation
Upon receiving your communication regarding your exam technical issue, NCARB will investigate the technical
issue, including reviewing any logs, documentation, or reports provided by PSI. Following the investigation,
which may take up to five business days, NCARB will reach out to you directly.
5) Resolution
If it is determined that the technical issue was due to an exam software malfunction or other issue, outside
of your control, NCARB will provide you with a replacement exam seat and new exam eligibility. The 60-
day retest policy does not apply to exams that failed to launch. NCARB will not provide candidates who
experience a technical issue with a rolling clock extension or compensation for lost time.
If the investigation determines that your examination could not be administered due to your online proctoring
setup, outside of the control of NCARB and its vendors, all exam fees will be lost, and NCARB will not provide you
with a replacement exam seat. You will be provided with a new exam eligibility only. The 60-day retest policy does
not apply to exams that failed to launch.
TECHNICAL ISSUES DURING YOUR ONLINE EXAM
1) Notifying the Proctor
Immediately inform the proctor via the chat feature that you are experiencing a technical issue. If there is an
error message on the screen, do not clear the message.
If you lose internet connection during your exam and are disconnected, you can restart Bridge when your
connection stabilizes, and you will be assigned to the first available proctor. The exam delivery software has
been designed to suspend testing time until the computer is operating again.
2) Contact PSI Technical Support
After informing the proctor of the technical issue, please reach out to PSI Technical Support at 855-560-3716.
Allow the PSI technical support team sucient time to troubleshoot and resolve the issue.
If the technical support team is able to resolve the issue within 30 minutes, you are expected to complete your
exam administration. If the technical issue delays your test session more than 30 minutes, you will be given the
choice of continuing to wait or rescheduling your appointment.
3) Reporting the Technical Issue
If your exam administration cannot be administered because of technical issues, please file an incident report
with the proctor and contact NCARB in writing. DO NOT wait until you’ve received your test results to
contact NCARB. All concerns must be received within 15 days of your appointment date.
Filing an incident report with the proctor does not satisfy the requirements of notifying NCARB directly.
4) NCARB Investigation
Upon receiving your communication regarding your exam technical issue, NCARB will investigate the technical
issue, including reviewing any logs, documentation, or reports provided by PSI. Following the investigation,
which may take up to five business days, NCARB will reach out to you directly.
TAKING AN ONLINE-PROCTORED EXAM WITH PSI
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5) Resolution
If it is determined that the technical issue was due to an exam software malfunction or other issue, outside
of your control, NCARB will provide you with a replacement exam seat and new exam eligibility. NCARB will
not provide candidates who experience a technical issue with a rolling clock extension or compensation for
lost time.
• If you viewed 75 percent or more of the items on your exam prior to the technical issue occurring, you
will be subject to the 60-day retest policy, and your exam will count as a valid, scored exam within your
NCARB Record.
• If you viewed fewer than 75 percent of the items on your exam prior to the technical issue occurring, you
will be provided immediate eligibility to reschedule your exam, you are exempt from the 60-day retest
policy, and your exam score will be invalidated within your NCARB Record.
If the investigation determines that your examination could not be administered due to your online proctoring
setup, outside of the control of NCARB and its vendors, all exam fees will be lost and NCARB will not provide
you with a replacement exam seat. You will be provided with a new exam eligibility only. If you viewed 75
percent or more of the items on your exam prior to the technical issue occurring, you will be subject to the
60-day retest policy, and your exam score will remain valid within your NCARB Record.Candidate Conduct
During Your Online Exam
Candidate Conduct During Your Online Exam
A candidate who engages in misconduct, unprofessional behavior, and/or does not heed the administrator’s or
proctor’s warning to discontinue inappropriate behavior may be dismissed from their online administration, have
examination results canceled, and/or have examination eligibilities suspended, and no refund for the administration
will be given.
Examples of misconduct during an online exam include:
• Leaving the testing room or your desk/worksurface without clicking the break button and informing
the proctor.
• Accessing, or attempting to access, prohibited items.
• Using any unauthorized references or devices.
• Obstructing the proctor’s view.
• Creating noise, unrelated to keyboard typing, including speaking aloud.
• Using your computer for any function other than taking the examination.
• Failing to maintain a private testing environment.
• Eating or drinking.
• Failing to follow the instructions of the proctor.
• Attempting to take the examination for someone else.
• Copying or attempting to copy examination questions and/or responses (in any format).
Candidates who engage in any form of misconduct are subject to NCARB’s Policy for the ARE: Exam Candidate
Conduct, which establishes procedures in the case of candidate misconduct.
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RECEIVINGRECEIVING
YOUR SCOREYOUR SCORE
Score Reporting
All divisions of the ARE are administered and graded by computer on a pass/fail basis. Keep in mind that:
• Ocial test results are not released at the test center or during online-proctored delivery. Results for all
divisions are typically processed within one week of your test date. You may view provisional feedback at
the end of your exam appointment; however, the feedback is not ocial.
• NCARB’s first priority is to ensure that all examinations are scored fairly and accurately. While every eort is
made to process examination scores in a timely manner, it is more important that no errors are made in the
score-reporting process.
• You will be notified via email when your score has been processed and is available to you within your
NCARB Record.
PROVISIONAL FEEDBACK
At the end of each exam, you will be asked if you would like to view provisional feedback on your exam
performance. The provisional feedback displayed on screen will inform you of your overall likelihood to pass or fail
the division. The feedback provided is fully accurate but not ocial, because the results have not yet undergone
further statistical analysis. A printout of the feedback will not be provided following your exam. To view provisional
feedback following your exam administration, follow the steps outlined below:
1) When you have answered all questions within your exam, click the “Exam Summary” button and then the
“End Exam” button.
2) Next, you’ll need to confirm you are ready to submit your results for scoring by clicking the “Yes. End Exam
and Submit.” button within the pop-up message.
3) You must now navigate through ALL closing screens to view provisional feedback. Review the “Candidate
Agreement Reminder” screen and click the “End Exam” button.
4) You will then see a screen asking if you would like to view provisional feedback on your performance. You
must click on the “Yes, View Feedback” button.
Your provisional feedback will not display if you fail to click this button or respond within the alloted
two minutes.
5) After clicking the “Yes, View Feedback” button, you will then be presented with your provisional feedback.
Your provisional feedback will not display if you fail to navigate through all the closing screens within the
exam software or exit the secure browser application.
RECEIVING YOUR SCORE
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OFFICIAL SCORE REPORT
Your ocial score report will be available in the “Exams” tab in your NCARB Record within one week of your test
date. The ocial score report contains complete information about the appointment, your performance on the
exam, and rolling clock information.
NCARB’s psychometric testing experts complete forensic analysis of each candidate’s results between the test
administration and the release of the ocial score report. This analysis looks for candidate performance anomalies
that may suggest misconduct. In extreme cases, forensic analysis may lead to the ocial score report being held or
invalidated after further investigation.
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Reading Your Ocial Score Report
All ocial score reports are clearly labeled pass or fail along the top of the first page. On passing score reports,
the division’s expiration date—five years after the date of your exam—is also noted. Reports include a
verification link should anyone need to confirm the authenticity of your score. All your rolling clock information
and testing history is provided on the lower half of the first page.
All score reports include the division
name and score (pass or fail). Passing
score reports also include the
division’s expiration date.
Reports include a
link should anyone
need to verify the
authenticity of
your score.
You will need your
Record Number
when contacting
NCARB Customer
Service.
This box contains
a summary of your
score report.
All of your rolling
clock information
is in this section.
This is how long you have
left to complete remaining
divisions before your oldest
passing score expires.
These are the expiration
dates for each division
you’ve passed.
Failing score
reports include
a Scaled Score,
allowing candidates
to have a
common metric
for interpreting
scores across
administrations and
divisions. Passing
score reports
do not include a
Scaled Score.
RECEIVING YOUR SCORE
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DIVISION CONTENT AND FEEDBACK
On the top half of the second page of your score report, you’ll see a description of the sections assessed
within the division. On failing score reports, these descriptions correspond with percentage-based performance
feedback provided at the bottom half of the page. If you fail, use the feedback to guide your preparation for
your retest. The feedback chart is not provided on passing score reports.
A pass/fail decision on an ARE division is determined by the total number of items answered correctly
across all sections and is not based on individual performance within each section.
The range is the
percentage a
section is worth
toward determing
your overall
division score.
This information
describes the sections
tested in this division.
These sections are also
listed in the chart below.
The information in the table
details the composition of this
division and your performance
within each area.
Your % Correct is the
percentage of scored
questions you answered
correctly in each content area.
Passing Candidates
% Correct is the
average percentage
of scored questions
answered correctly
by candidates who
previously passed
this division.
Information
about feedback
and scoring is
provided here.
RECEIVING YOUR SCORE
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Sharing Your Score
NCARB recognizes your right to control any personal information that NCARB (or its third-party service providers)
maintain. NCARB policy is designed to safeguard this information from unauthorized disclosure. To protect your
right to control score distribution, NCARB will only release your score reports under two circumstances:
1) NCARB will release your score reports to the board of architecture where you are seeking licensure. A
board of architecture may reserve the right to cancel one or more of your test scores, if, in its sole opinion,
there is any reason to question its validity.
2) NCARB may release test scores for use in research studies or under compulsion of legal processes. In the
case of research studies, NCARB will ensure that your anonymity is preserved.
The Passing Standard
Passing or failing the ARE depends solely on your level of performance in relation to the established point
representing entry-level competence. Careful judgment has been exercised in setting the passing standards for all
divisions of the ARE. The passing scores are the same for every board of architecture and are not aected by the
number of people who pass or fail each division of the examination. There is no fixed percentage of candidates
who pass or fail the ARE.
ARE Scoring
ITEM SCORING
Each item, regardless of item type, is worth one point and is scored as either correct or incorrect. There is no
partial credit for completing just part of an item correctly. You’ll earn a point if you answer correctly, but you
won’t lose a point if you answer incorrectly. Because of this, you should answer every question presented. If
you are not sure of the correct answer, make your best guess and/or mark the question for later review. All
unanswered questions will be counted as incorrect responses.
Every division includes some pretest items, which do not count toward your score. The number of pretest items
per division ranges from 6-9, and they’re randomly scattered throughout each exam division.
EXAM SCORING
Each division of the ARE has a minimum score, or cut score, that must be met in order to pass. Your total score is
determined by adding up the points earned for all correctly answered items, excluding pretest items.
If your score is equal to or greater than the cut score established for the division you are taking, you’ll receive
a passing score. If your score is less than the cut score, you’ll receive a failing score. Your score is based on your
performance across the entire division, not section by section. If you do poorly in one section, it’s still possible to
pass by doing well in other sections.
RECEIVING YOUR SCORE
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After an Unsuccessful Attempt
In the event you do not pass a division of the ARE, a new eligibility to test on that division will be created based
on the rules of your jurisdiction. Failing score reports will contain feedback on your performance on page two of
the score report identifying areas of relative strength and weakness.
• You can retake a failed division of the ARE as soon as 60 days after the previous attempt of that division.
• You may only take the same division of the ARE three (3) times within any 12-month time frame.
SCORE VERIFICATION
Any candidate can request a score verification, which will involve the review of your performance on all
questions by NCARB sta. The process will verify that the score and feedback on your score report accurately
represent your performance on the division.
You can request a score verification of a failed division up to 60 days from the date your test was administered
by contacting NCARB. The fee for a score verification is $100. If NCARB determines that the score or feedback
reported to you was not accurate, NCARB will refund your score verification fee.
REVIEW AND CHALLENGE
Unlike a score verification, the exam review process is conducted by your jurisdiction’s board of architecture.
You will have the opportunity to review the question(s) you missed but won’t receive the correct answers or any
explanations.
You may only initiate the review process if your board of architecture permits reviews of failed divisions. It is at
the sole discretion of each board of architecture whether to administer the review process.
If you wish to pursue the review process, keep in mind the following information:
• Immediately contact your board of architecture to better understand the procedures and fees involved.
NCARB charges a $300 fee to review a failed exam. Your board may charge additional fees. The application for
review and the review fee must be received by NCARB within four months of the administration of your test,
and the review process must be completed within six months of your test date.
• Only those questions you answered incorrectly can be reviewed. The correct answer will not be revealed.
• You may only challenge a question answered incorrectly if your board of architecture allows challenges and
appeals. Your challenge will be forwarded to NCARB for review and response.
• NCARB Review: If there is a successful challenge to a question(s) on your exam that has been determined
by NCARB through the NCARB-facilitated review/challenge process to change your score from fail to pass,
NCARB will recognize the new score for the purpose of NCARB certification.
• State Review: If your board of architecture (or a court with jurisdiction) changes your score from fail to pass
outside of the NCARB-facilitated review/challenge process, ONLY that jurisdiction is required to accept the
new score, and NCARB will not recognize the new score for purposes of NCARB certification.
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REPORTING REPORTING
TEST CONCERNSTEST CONCERNS
If you have concerns about your test, do not wait to receive your test results before expressing your concerns.
NCARB can only respond to complaints received within 15 days of your test date. You must send your complaint to
NCARB in writing via the contact form. PLEASE NOTE: The filing of a report by the test center administrator or
online proctor does not satisfy the requirements of notifying NCARB directly.
Inquiries About Specific Exam Questions
NCARB employs extensive quality control procedures throughout the development of the ARE. However,
candidates may encounter typographical errors or flawed questions on rare occasions. If you suspect an error in a
specific question, write to NCARB after taking the test. In your correspondence, include:
• The name of the division
• The test date
• The specific concern(s) about the question
You are not permitted to copy the question before leaving the test center or completing your online exam and are
not expected to recreate the entire question in your correspondence. NCARB will review the question, and you will
be notified of the findings. The correct answer will not be revealed.
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EXAM SECURITY AND EXAM SECURITY AND
CANDIDATE MISCONDUCTCANDIDATE MISCONDUCT
Exam Security
To ensure the integrity of the ARE, specific security measures are enforced during the administration of your
examination. You will be observed at all times while taking the examination. This may include direct observation by
test center sta or online proctors, as well as audio and video recording of your examination session.
Waiting areas at the test center are for candidates only. Anyone who accompanies you to the test center will not
be permitted to wait in the test center or contact you while you are taking the examination. During an online-
proctored test, friends or relatives are not permitted to contact you or enter your secure testing area.
ARE Candidate Agreement
The ARE not only ensures the public’s health, safety, and welfare, but also arms that you and other licensure
candidates have the required knowledge and skills to competently practice architecture. To maintain the exam’s
security, all candidates must read, understand, and accept the ARE Candidate Agreement prior to scheduling an
exam appointment.
By taking divisions of the ARE, you are personally responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of all information
relating to the exam. Disclosure of exam content in any manner is prohibited, including but not limited to, discussing
exam content with family, friends, other examinees, study groups, and test preparation providers. This agreement
also covers online forums and chat rooms, mailing list servers, websites, etc.
At the start of your exam administration, you are required to rearm that you understand and accept the ARE
Candidate Agreement in order to proceed with your exam. The following text will be provided to you, summarizing
the key aspects of the ARE Candidate Agreement:
I rearm that the information given in my NCARB Record is true, correct, and complete to the best of
my knowledge. By clicking “I Rearm,” I confirm my agreement to abide by the ARE Candidate Agreement
(“Agreement”), which is a binding agreement between me and the National Council of Architectural
Registration Boards (NCARB).
• I agree to conduct myself professionally, civilly, and honestly throughout my test administration.
• I understand that all ARE content is confidential and may not be copied, reproduced, or disclosed by any
means or for any reason.
• I agree that I have not obtained, or sought to obtain, ARE content disclosed by others. I will notify
NCARB if I believe I have received exam content disclosed by others.
• I understand that violation of the Agreement may result in disciplinary action against me and/or my civil
liability to NCARB. Further action may be taken against me by the registration board responsible for my
exam eligibilities.
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At the end of your exam, you will be provided a final reminder of your agreement to abide by the ARE Candidate
Agreement. The following text will be provided to you:
Remember that you have agreed not to divulge any questions or content on this examination after your
exam appointment to any individual or entity, and you have agreed that a violation of the ARE Candidate
Agreement can result in NCARB seeking recovery of costs and civil damages in a court of law, which could be
substantial, as well as other actions by NCARB and your licensing board.
Ensuring the confidentiality of the ARE is important to the Council’s core mission of protecting the public
health, safety, and welfare. Thank you for your cooperation.
Any disclosure of ARE content is strictly prohibited and may result in severe disciplinary action, including the
suspension of testing privileges and/or the cancellation of scores.
ARE Candidate Misconduct
Candidates who do not follow the ARE Candidate Agreement or other NCARB rules and security measures are
subject to NCARB’s policy on exam candidate conduct. The NCARB Board of Directors has created the “Policy for
the ARE: Exam Candidate Conduct” to establish procedures in the case of candidate misconduct while preparing for,
taking, or after taking the ARE.
ARE candidate misconduct includes, but is not limited to, the particular violations described in this document, any
other violation of the ARE Candidate Agreement, test center regulations, online proctoring regulations, and any
other misconduct, inappropriate behavior, or breach of examination security. The Board reserves the right to impose
any sanction it believes appropriate, either more or less than those noted in the policy. Action taken by the NCARB
Board of Directors is final and non-appealable. In addition, if the candidate subsequently seeks NCARB certification,
the matter will be considered in deciding whether to grant NCARB certification.
In addition to the sanctions described in the “Policy for the ARE: Exam Candidate Conduct,” where warranted,
NCARB may pursue all legal remedies available to recover monetary damages caused by such conduct and to enjoin
violations of its rights with respect to the ARE.
Upon discovery of any exam candidate misconduct in any category, NCARB has the authority to place a “hold” on
pending scores and all open exam eligibilities to test and cancel any scheduled exam(s) pending further investigation,
review by NCARB’s Professional Conduct Committee (PCC), and action by NCARB’s Board of Directors if applicable.
If no action is taken or only a warning letter is issued, NCARB will reopen any closed eligibilities to test and assist the
candidate in rescheduling the canceled exam(s) at no additional cost to the candidate.
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EXAM DEVELOPMENT EXAM DEVELOPMENT
AND MAINTENANCEAND MAINTENANCE
How ARE 5.0 Was Created
To ensure the exam measures candidates’ knowledge and skills in areas that are relevant to current architectural
practice, NCARB bases the ARE on the results of a profession-wide study called an analysis of practice. NCARB last
completed an analysis of practice in 2012, and the results were used to create ARE 5.0. Subject-matter experts used
the NCARB 2012 Practice Analysis of Architecture to determine the divisions, sections, and objectives needed to
evaluate licensure candidates’ ability to competently and independently practice architecture.
Development of ARE 5.0
The six ARE divisions are broken down into four to five sections, with each section focusing on a content
area. The sections are further divided into objectives, which address the skills and knowledge (also called
competencies) identified in the NCARB 2012 Practice Analysis of Architecture. Each objective describes one of
those competencies. Every item you will see on an ARE 5.0 division is authored to assess competence in the skill or
knowledge area described in an objective.
Exam items are authored by volunteer architects. These volunteers are professionals who have been through the
licensure process but who are not employed by NCARB. Over 100 volunteer architects gather every year to write
and review new items for ARE 5.0 in NCARB’s examination development committees. The authoring of each item
follows the same multi-step process:
1) First, a volunteer architect item writer will use the ARE 5.0 Guidelines, which outlines the structure
and content of the exam, to make sure that items being authored assess a competency that has an
impact on the health, safety, and welfare of the public. The items often draw directly from the author’s
experience in practice. In many of the items, you’ll find terms like “southeastern United States” and “XYZ
Architecture.” That’s because the original place and firm names have been scrubbed from the real-life
situations experienced by the author. Item authors are also required to make sure that the information
needed to correctly answer the item can be found in a recognized architectural reference, such as The
Architect’s Handbook of Professional Practice; Sun, Wind, and Light; or Mechanical and Electrical
Equipment for Buildings.
2) Once the item has been written, a volunteer architect (called a coordinator) who has experience authoring
exam items will provide feedback on whether the item is ready to move forward in the development
process. If it isn’t, the item will be sent back to the author, and they will be required to incorporate the
feedback given by the coordinator.
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3) If the coordinator decides that the item is well-crafted and successfully assesses an objective, the item
will be edited by a professional NCARB editor for all non-content-related aspects of the item, including
grammar, spelling, form, style, and conformance to ARE item writing standards.
4) Next, the items are assessed for validity, relevance, and inarguable correctness by a workgroup of 5-10
architects in a workshop setting called item review. The workgroup will do one of the following for each
item up for review:
a) Move the item forward to be placed on the exam as a pretest item.
b) Recommend minor suggestions for improvement that can be made during the item review process
and then move the item forward to be placed on the exam as a pretest item.
c) Recommend major suggestions for improvement to be completed prior to the next item review.
d) Determine that the item is confusing, flawed, dicult, or irrelevant and has no place on the exam.
5) If the item is ready for placement, a professional NCARB editor will give the item a final review before it is
ready for pretesting.
6) After the ARE 5.0 Item Development Subcommittee finishes writing, reviewing, and editing items, NCARB’s
third-party psychometricians (or testing experts) assemble an appropriate combination of items for each
division of the exam. The psychometricians use an NCARB Board-approved set of guidelines to make sure
that the proper balance of content is tested on each exam. These guidelines make it so that each section
and objective aren’t under- or over-represented. The psychometricians also use statistical analyses of items
to make sure that an exam isn’t made of too many dicult or easy items.
7) After the psychometricians assemble the forms, another group of volunteer architects on the ARE 5.0 Forms
Assembly Subcommittee review the items grouped together on a given exam to make sure that they don’t
test the exact same content or provide clues as to how to answer other items.
ARE 5.0 CASE STUDY DEVELOPMENT
Between volunteer architects and NCARB sta, 15-20 people are involved in the development of each case study
item. NCARB’s Case Study Subcommittee creates the case studies, where five volunteer architects and two
NCARB sta members are involved in developing and editing each case study. NCARB’s ARE 5.0 Item Development
Subcommittee then uses the case studies to write items, where another five to ten architects and three NCARB
sta members are involved in the writing, development, and editing of the items.
You will notice that case studies seem to feature generic place names and firm names. This is intentional.
Volunteer architects develop these case studies using the specifics and resources from real-life projects that
they’ve designed. Unique names and places are substituted with generic ones to protect the privacy of firms and
clients. What you should know, though, is that the projects and scenarios presented in case studies are far from
generic—they actually happened in the world of architectural practice.
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Maintenance of ARE 5.0
Items that are ready for placement on the exam spend roughly one year as an unscored, or pretest, item.
Between six and nine of the items on each exam division are unscored—whether you get the items wrong or
right, they won’t count for or against your score. However, you won’t know which items are unscored. The reason
for all these measures is to make sure that the items on ARE 5.0 exams are statistically and psychometrically valid.
NCARB only wants items on the exam that are eective in determining whether a candidate is competent in a
particular skill or knowledge area. Items must prove they are eective before they become scored items on
the exam.
Psychometricians evaluate the performance of exam items every year, and some of the unscored items are
statistically flagged as being poor indicators of competence. These items are then reviewed by another 5-10
volunteer architects, who will make a final determination as to whether the statistical flag is warranted. They
will once again assess the content and construction of the item and decide if it should be retired, modified, or
allowed to return to the exam as a scored item.
Psychometricians also monitor scored items every year. If their performance dips below an acceptable standard,
they are also flagged and reviewed.
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EXAM STRUCTUREEXAM STRUCTURE
Delivery Format
All six divisions of ARE 5.0 are organized the same way. Each exam appointment will begin with a few introductory
screens, including a set of final testing reminders. Once you complete the introduction, the content portion of your
exam will begin.
The content portion of each division includes standalone questions and case study questions. Standalone questions
are located at the beginning of the content portion, and case studies are located at the end. You don’t need
to answer questions in a specific order, so you may navigate directly to a case study whenever you feel most
comfortable by using the “Exam Summary” tool.
Your exam appointment will conclude with a reminder screen and the option to view provisional feedback on your
overall exam performance. Typically, you will receive your ocial exam score within a week of your appointment.
Optional break time is oered during each exam administration. This time can be used for a few short breaks or one
long break. You can begin a break at any time. However, after returning from a break, you will not be allowed to
go back to any of the items you have already viewed, regardless of whether you have answered them or not.
They will be locked.
Prior to scheduling your exam, please take the ARE 5.0 Practice Exams, which can be accessed through the Practice
Exam Dashboard in your NCARB Record, to familiarize yourself with the structure and delivery of the ARE.
Appointment Time
Test Duration
Discrete ItemsIntroduction Conclusion
Case Study
Items
EXAM STRUCTURE
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ARE 5.0 Division Structure
Each division’s content is broken down into 4-5 topic-based sections. The sections are further divided into
objectives. Each objective addresses a specific knowledge area or skill. Learn how NCARB determines what should
be included on the exam.
DIVISION SECTIONS OBJECTIVES
Practice Management
4 12
Project Management
5 17
Programming & Analysis
4 16
Project Planning & Design
5 17
Project Development &
Documentation
5 17
Construction & Evaluation
4 12
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Analyze/Evaluate: reduction of overall concept
into component parts, determination of how parts
relate to one another and to the overall structure,
arrival at judgments based on given criteria.
• Requires integration of new information with
existing information
• May require the prioritization of information
• Often focuses on non-standard situations
Understand/Apply: deduction of meaning from
information, demonstration of comprehension of
concepts or processes, application of processes
or procedures in familiar or unfamiliar situations.
• Requires conceptual understanding to answer
• Focuses on standard, straight-forward
application of knowledge
• May require the employment of a
mathematical formula
U/A
LEVEL
A/E
LEVEL
While ARE 5.0 uses only the U/A and A/E cognitive levels, there are two other types of cognitive levels: the “Remember” level
and the “Create” level. The “Remember” level only requires rote memorization or simple recall, and questions written at this
level only ask for definitions and facts. You will not find “Remember” level items on the ARE. Nor will you find items that
ask you to use the highest cognitive level, “Create.” Items that require the use of these cognitive levels are not appropriate
for the ARE’s purpose of assessing competence in a newly licensed architect.
COGNITIVE LEVELS NOT USED ON THE ARE
Cognitive Levels
Every ARE objective is tied to a certain type of mental operation or thinking skill, which is called the cognitive level.
ARE 5.0 uses two cognitive levels, and every ARE item is authored to address both the objective and one of the
following cognitive levels paired with that objective:
1) Understand/Apply (U/A): These items will require you to understand a concept and apply it to a scenario.
2) Analyze/Evaluate (A/E): These items will ask you to analyze a set of concepts or factors and make an
evaluative judgment.
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Example of a U/A-Level Item
Below you will find an example of a U/A-level item and a rationale explaining why it is at the U/A level.
U/A SAMPLE ITEM
A residential development is composed of large building lots. On-site sewage disposal for each lot is
permitted subject to the suitability of the soil.
Which type of soil investigation should the architect request?
Percolation test
Evaporation test
Test for soil alkalinity
Test for soil density
RATIONALE
This is a U/A-level item because you are required to understand the purpose of a percolation test.
After reading the item, you should recognize that the scenario being described is a standard-use
situation for a percolation test. In short, you will need to apply your understanding of a percolation
test to the scenario.
U/A
LEVEL
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Example of a A/E-Level Item
Below you will find an example of a A/E-level item and a rationale explaining why it is at the A/E level.
A/E SAMPLE ITEM
A 100% design development cost estimate for a two-story, construction type V-B, three-unit townhouse
is completed and comes back higher than expected. The client asks an architect to value engineer the
structural design.
What changes should the architect consider as they move forward with construction documentation?
Change from a balloon-framed to a platform-framed structural system.
Replace wood stud shear walls with glue-laminated columns.
Use prefabricated floor elements instead of a site-assembled floor system.
RATIONALE
This is an A/E-level item because you are required to analyze the elements of the project,
including construction type, number of stories, and the purpose of the structure, along with
the various changes proposed to construction elements in the response options. After your
analysis, you will then need to evaluate which one of the construction elements would be
appropriate to exchange considering the given project information, and of the appropriate
exchanges, which one will realize the most cost savings.
A/E
LEVEL
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ARE 5.0 Item Types
Each division of ARE 5.0 uses the following five item types for both the exam’s standalone and case study items:
multiple choice, check-all-that-apply, quantitative-fill-in-the-blank, hotspot, and drag-and-place. All items are worth
one point and there is no partial credit.
Use the strikethrough tool to cross out incorrect options. You can also use the highlight tool to identify key elements in the
question or response options. These tools not only work for multiple choice items, but all item types and even case study scenarios.
TIP
MULTIPLE CHOICE
A multiple choice item contains a question followed by either three or four response options. This item type is used
when only one correct answer is needed. To respond to this item type, you’ll need to select a single response out of
the possible response options.
Refer to the exhibit.
The cross section shown indicates an interior column. The
tributary area for loading on the column equals 20 feet by 24 feet.
Assuming no live load reductions, which one of the following is
the design live load for the footing?
43,200 lb
57,600 lb
72,000 lb
96,000 lb
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Seven months after substantial completion for a new oce building, a building owner contacts an architect
to report that mold has been found in a basement utility room. It appears a mechanical exhaust fan has
malfunctioned.
In which of the following ways should the architect address this issue? Check the two that apply.
Submit an additional service request to the owner.
Meet with the owner to review the building operations.
Advise the owner to file a claim for damages.
Advise the owner to notify the original contractor about the issue.
Advise the owner to hire a new contractor to fix the fan.
Specify a new fan for the owner to purchase as a replacement.
All correct response options must be selected to correctly answer the item. Pay close attention to the number of correct
responses you’ll need to check. CATA items will always tell you the number of correct responses to check in bold type, like
this: “Check the two that apply.”
TIP
CHECK-ALL-THAT-APPLY
A check-all-that-apply item, sometimes called a CATA, is similar to a multiple choice item. The main dierence is
that this item type allows you to select multiple answers. This item type contains a question followed by a prompt
to select between two and four responses out of six possible response options. All correct response options must
be selected in order to answer the item correctly. There is no partial credit for selecting only some of the correct
response options.
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Refer to the exhibit.
Oce leadership at an architecture/engineering firm is performing an evaluation of the eciency of their
oce and overall eectiveness of each employee.
What is the utilization rate of Architect A?
ARCHITECT A
ID PROJECT NAME TASK/ROLE
AVERAGE
WEEKLY HOURS
01886.01 Westside Community Center Project Manager 20
02778.06 City View Rehabilitation Clinic Project Manager 7.5
01994.02 Parkside Apartments Drawing Review/Redlining 4.5
03020.00 Northview Gymnasium Responding to RFP 4.5
02001.02 Oce Operations Firm Stang 2.5
09012.01 Continuing Education Varies 1
The appropriate units for the correct answer will be provided before or after the input box. Responses for QFIB items can be
a whole number, a decimal, or a combination of the two. Be sure to read the question carefully. After some QFIB questions,
you will find information that will help you to respond correctly to the item, such as:
• Some QFIB items will include language instructing you to “Round the answer to the nearest whole number.”
• Other QFIB items might include the following sub-heading in the body of the item: “Reference Formulas:” This sub-heading
will be followed by a mathematical formula. If you see that the item provides a reference formula, know that it must be
used in order to correctly answer the item.
TIP
QUANTITATIVE-FILL-IN-THE-BLANK
A quantitative-fill-in-the-blank item, sometimes called a QFIB, contains a question followed by an input box. This
item type allows you to provide a numerical answer to the question being asked. The appropriate units for the
correct answer will be provided as part of the item.
80
%
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During a construction observation visit to a new
townhouse development, an architect reviews the
contractor’s installation of the roof sheathing.
Click on the material in the photo that contributes
to the required fire separation between adjacent
townhouses.
HOTSPOT
A hotspot item contains a question followed by an architectural drawing, photograph, diagram, map, or other image.
This item type is used to assess competence graphically. To respond to this item type, you’ll need to click on an area
or object within the provided image. If your answer is located within the acceptable scoring area, it will be scored as
correct. Also, be aware of the following features of hotspot items:
• You will never be required to click on a small, extremely precise area on the image.
• Hotspot items are designed in such a way as to require you to click in an acceptable scoring area.
You can change your response by clicking on a dierent area on the image as many times as you would like. The last area on
which you click will be recorded as the answer. A crosshair will appear on whatever area you clicked last. This is the response
that will be recorded and scored.
TIP
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An architect has been commissioned to design
a painting studio in the Southwest region of the
United States. The client has provided the following
information:
• Daylight must be provided in all spaces.
• The oce must receive direct morning sun.
• The open studio space must have a panoramic
view of the landscape with limited direct
sunlight.
• The storage space must be directly accessible
from both the oce and open studio space.
• The circulation/main entry space must have a
view of Oak Street.
Drag the spaces onto the proposed building footprint
to fulfill all client requirements.
DRAG-AND-PLACE
A drag-and-place item contains a question followed by a drawing, photograph, diagram, map, or other image. You
will also be presented with a series of tokens along the left side or top of the image. This item type is used to assess
competence by requiring a visual solution to a visual problem. To respond to this item type, you’ll need to select
one or more of the tokens and place them onto the image. If all your tokens are located within the acceptable
scoring areas, the item will be scored as correct. You will not receive partial credit for placing some of your tokens
correctly. Also, be aware of the following features of drag-and-place items:
• You may rotate tokens by right clicking on them. (See next page for instructions.)
• You will never be required to drag a token into or onto a small, extremely precise area on the image.
• Drag-and-place items are designed in such a way as to require you to drag the token into or onto an
acceptable scoring area.
Some drag-and-place items might not require you to drag and place all the tokens. These items will include an instruction
after the question like the following: “Not all tokens will be used.” If you do not see this instruction, then all the available
tokens must be placed somewhere on the image.
TIP
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Rotating Drag-and-Place Item Tokens
The sample drag-and-place item above is an example of an item that requires you to rotate tokens. Below you will
find step-by-step instruction on how to rotate drag-and-place tokens.
• Step 1 - In order to rotate a token, it is necessary to right click the token. A gray box will appear.
• Step 2 - Click “Rotate.”
• Step 3 - A window will appear. Enter the number of degrees you want to rotate the token.
• Step 4 - Click “Apply.” The token will rotate in the number of degrees specified.
• Step 5 - You will then be free to drag the token onto the image and place it on the appropriate area.
STEP 1
STEP 4 STEP 5
STEP 2 STEP 3
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ARE 5.0 Case Studies
ARE 5.0 uses case studies to assess your ability to synthesize multiple pieces of information and apply that
information or make an evaluative judgment based on that information to select a correct solution. Case studies
represent real-world architectural projects. They are intended to be more similar to day-to-day architectural practice
than standalone items, as case study items require consideration of many factors.
A case study is a snapshot of a project in a particular point in time. This information is found in the case study
scenario, which provides a description of the case study and other key information. Case studies also include
three to six resources. These resources might take the form of code excerpts, AIA contracts, architectural drawings,
budgets and schedules, or program requirements. A list of the most common case study resources currently used on
the ARE is provided in this document.
Each ARE division will include two case studies. Depending on the division, you will have to answer 10-20 items
associated with those two case studies. The scenario and resources within a case study will not change from
question to question. Questions do not build on each other based on previous responses, so answering one
question incorrectly will not impact your ability to answer the remaining case study questions correctly. You will be
able to access all the resources associated with a case study while reviewing any of that case study’s items.
TIPS FOR ANSWERING CASE STUDY ITEMS
To correctly answer a case study item, you’ll need to be familiar with the scenario and use one to three case study
resources provided. Usually, you won’t be told which resources you will need to use for each item, so you’ll have to
infer which case study resources and information might be needed from the context of the item. It’s a good idea to
familiarize yourself with the scenario and all the resources the first time you encounter a case study. After getting
a good sense of the project, you can more quickly assess what resources and information might be needed to
correctly answer the items. You can then dig into the details as required by each item.
Case study items are not designed to assess whether you can simply find information in a resource. They will require
you to find information and then apply or analyze it. For this reason, it will usually take longer to answer case study
items than standalone items. This is accounted for in the duration assigned to each division. Though case study
items are located at the end of the exam, you don’t have to wait until the end to answer them. By using the “Exam
Summary” tool, you can begin answering case study items whenever you wish.
Check out sample case studies within the ARE 5.0 Practice Exams, which can be accessed in the Practice Exam
Dashboard within your NCARB Record. Use the exams to practice navigating through the various resources, using
the search function and bookmarks, and answering the sample case study items.
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EXAMPLE CASE STUDY
Case Study 1: Question 1 of 7
HOW TO ANSWER A CASE STUDY ITEM
Here is an example of how case study items rely on the case study’s scenario and resources.
EXAMPLE CASE STUDY ITEM
What is the minimum number of o-street parking spaces required for the new Event Center?
1,250
Parking Spaces
The correct answer to this item is 1,250 parking spaces. To arrive at this answer, you should familiarize yourself with
the case study scenario. The scenario tells you that the project involves the design of a new Event Center for a
university that is 108,525 GSF. Being familiar with this context, you can now approach the item with the minimum
necessary understanding to answer it correctly.
The item asks you for the minimum number of o-street parking spaces required for the new Event Center. To
answer this item correctly, you’ll first need to determine which available resource outlines the parking requirements.
The Zoning Ordinance resource provides information regarding land use, setbacks, building massing, and parking. Per
Section 4, O-Street Parking Requirements, a theater, auditorium, arena, or stadium requires one o-street parking
space per four seats.
Next, you’ll need to determine the number of seats proposed for the new Events Center. The Program Elements
resource states the building will include 5,000 fixed spectator seats.
The final step is to divide the number of seats defined in the Program Elements by four since the Zoning Ordinance
requires one o-street parking space per four seats. The result of this calculation will tell you that the Event Center
requires 1,250 o-street parking spaces.
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COMMON CASE STUDY RESOURCES
ARE 5.0 case studies feature many of the same types of resources, regardless of the individual scenario. Below you
will find a list of the five most common types of resources used for each division. You will find some resource types
in multiple divisions.
Practice Management Project Management Programming & Analysis
AIA Contracts AIA Contracts ADA Excerpts
Firm Financial Statements Design & Construction Schedules ICC Excerpts
Requests For Proposals Program Requirements Program Requirements
Sta Labor And Utilization Rates
Project Budgets And
Cost Estimates
Site Plans
Sta Resumes Sta Labor Rates Zoning Ordinances
Project Planning & Design
Project Development &
Documentation
Construction & Evaluation
ADA Excerpts ADA Excerpts AIA Contracts
Architectural Drawings Architectural Drawings Architectural Drawings
ICC Excerpts Consultant Drawings Design & Construction Schedules
Program Requirements ICC Experts Field Reports
Zoning Ordinances Specifications Excerpts Specifications Excerpts
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EXAM NAVIGATIONEXAM NAVIGATION
AND TOOLSAND TOOLS
Testing Interface
Within the ARE testing interface, you can navigate between items by clicking the “Next” or “Previous” buttons.
If you encounter an item you’d like to answer later or if you want to check your work later, select the “Mark for
Review” checkbox at the bottom of your screen. Be sure to return to any marked items before you take a break.
To see the items you have marked for review, click on the “Exam Summary” button in the lower right corner. This
will take you to a screen that displays all items, including those marked for review, and allows you to navigate
directly to them.
On the top menu bar, there are several tools to assist you throughout your exam. The “Highlight” button allows you
to identify useful information within a question or response option. You can also strikethrough text to eliminate
information you find distracting by clicking the “Strikethrough” button. You will also have access to an on-screen
calculator, whiteboard, and reference formulas throughout your exam.
Optional break time is oered during each exam appointment. You can begin a break at any time by clicking
the “Break” button in the upper right corner. A popup message will confirm that you would like to take a break.
Once you confirm, your exam time will pause, and a new clock will begin for your break period. When you have
completed your break, click “Return to Test” to resume your exam. When you return from a break, all items that
you have already viewed will be locked, including those marked for later review, and you will not be able to
view or edit them again. Only items identified as unseen prior to a break will be viewable following a break.
Highlight Text
Strikethrough Text
Open On-Screen
Calculator
Open On-Screen
Whiteboard
Time Remaining in Exam Total Items on Exam
Item Number
Take a Break
Open the Exam
Summary Screen
Open On-screen
References
Navigate to
Previous Item
Navigate to
Next Item
Mark Item for Review
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Exam Summary
The Exam Summary screen can be accessed at any point during your exam administration by clicking on the “Exam
Summary” button located in the lower right corner of the screen. This screen provides a summary of all the items
on your exam as well as their status. Items will be assigned one of the four following statuses:
• Locked: Items that you can no longer access because you’ve taken a break.
• Completed: Items you have seen and answered but that are not yet locked. You can go back and change the
responses of these items as long as they remain unlocked.
• Incomplete: Items that you have seen but have not answered and are not yet locked. If you wish to answer
these items, do so before taking a break.
• Unseen: Items that you have not yet seen and are not yet locked. You can take a break and still see and answer
these items afterward. They will not lock after taking a break.
You can review items from the Exam Summary screen in three dierent ways by using the buttons in the lower right
corner of the screen.
• Click the “Review All” button to return to your first non-locked item. You will be shown all completed,
incomplete, and unseen items on your exam.
• Click the “Review All Unanswered” button to return to your first incomplete or unseen item. You will be shown
all incomplete and unseen items on your exam.
• Click the “Review Marked” button to return to your first marked item. You will be shown all unlocked items
that you’ve marked for review on your exam.
Exams can only be ended from the Exam Summary screen. Once you are satisfied with all responses, you can
end your exam by clicking the “End Exam” button. You will be asked if you want to end your exam or return and
continue testing. Once you confirm by clicking “Yes. End Exam and Submit,” your test will be submitted for scoring.
Incomplete and
Completed Items
Lock Following
a Break
Item Status
Only Unseen Items
Will Be Available
Following a Break
Time Remaining
in Exam
Take a Break
Review All Complete,
Incomplete, and Unseen Items.
End Your Exam
Flag Identifies a
Marked Item
Review All Marked
Items
Review All Incomplete and
Unseen Items
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Calculator
ON-SCREEN CALCULATOR
You will be provided with an on-screen calculator throughout your exam administration. The calculator can be
opened while viewing an item by clicking the “Calculator” button located on the top menu bar. The calculator
provides the functionality required to answer ARE calculation items across all six divisions. When navigating between
items, the calculator’s history and memory reset each time you view a new item.
PERSONAL CALCULATORS
ARE candidates are NOT permitted to use a personal calculator at the test center or during an online-proctored
exam administration. Use of a personal calculator during an exam is strictly prohibited and may result in disciplinary
action, including the cancellation of exam scores.
Close Calculator
Show/Hide
History/Memory
Calculation History
Clear History/Memory
Display History Display Memory
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ARE Calculator Buttons & Descriptions
Button Description
History Logs all calculations
Memory Displays values added to the memory
MC Clear the memory
MR Recall the value from the memory
M+ Adds number in input box to value in memory
M- Subtracts number in input box from value in memory
MS Store the value in memory
Deg Calculator mode (degree/radian)
pi Displays pi
% Defined percentage of a single number
CE Erase the last value
CA Reset the calculator
BS Erase the last digit
sin Sine function
asin Arcsine
1/x 1 divided by current value
X
2
Square of current value
√ Square root
/ Divide
cos Cosine function
acos Arccosine
* Multiply
tan Tangent function
atan Arctangent
- Subtract
X^Y Current entry raised to power of next entry
log Base 10 logarithm
+ Add
e
n
e raised to the power of n
In Natural log
±
Change sign
= Equals
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Whiteboard
The whiteboard serves as your virtual scratch paper when taking an ARE division. Once you’ve navigated to an item
on your exam, you can open the whiteboard by clicking the “Whiteboard” button on the top menu bar. Information
added to the whiteboard is saved and viewable throughout your exam administration, including when returning
from a break.
ARE candidates are NOT permitted to use physical scratch paper at the test center or during an online-proctored
exam administration. Use of physical scratch paper during an exam is strictly prohibited and may result in disciplinary
action, including the cancellation of exam scores.
Close
Whiteboard
Selected Page Add New Page Select an Object
Zoom OutZoom In
Pencil
Delete Page
Eraser
Move Page
Add Text
Style Options for Text,
Lines, Arrows, and Shapes
Draw a Line,
Arrow, or Shape
Undo Action Redo Action
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FREEHAND SHAPES
To draw a freehand shape on the whiteboard, simply select the “Pencil” tool, move your mouse to the whiteboard
area, and hold down your mouse’s single click option. You’ll have the option to change the color, size, and opacity of
the line. To erase pencil lines on the whiteboard, use the eraser tool.
TEXT
To type, click the “Draw a text” button, place the text box on the whiteboard, and type using your keyboard. With
the text selected, you can change the font family, color, size, style, and opacity. To delete text, right click on the text
box and select “Remove.” Text can also be deleted using the eraser tool.
SHAPES, ARROWS, AND LINES
To draw a shape, arrow, or line, click the associated button, move your mouse to the whiteboard area, and hold
down your mouse’s single click option. You can activate the ortho functionality by holding down the shift key while
placing an object. You’ll also have the option to change the color, border, opacity, and width of objects. To delete
an object, right click on it and select “Remove.” Objects can also be deleted using the eraser tool.
PAGES
The whiteboard allows you to create multiple pages on which to work by clicking the “+” button next to the page
designations. You may need to make your whiteboard larger to accommodate the number of tabs if you add several
pages. Pages are saved and viewable throughout your exam administration, including when returning from a break.
To delete a page, click the trash can symbol in the upper right corner of the whiteboard.
ZOOMING
You can zoom in and out of the whiteboard by using the zoom buttons in the upper right corner. If you need to
increase the space available on a page or canvas, expand the window size of your whiteboard or create a new page.
UNDO/REDO ACTION
You can undo your last action within the whiteboard by clicking the “Undo” button. If you would like to redo an
action within the whiteboard, simply click the “Redo” button.
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Case Study Navigation
All ARE 5.0 case studies are formatted the same way. The resources for each case study are displayed as PDFs and
include various tools to assist you in navigating the documents. These include a text search function, which allows
you to type a word or words and then navigate to the areas of the resource that include it. The bookmarks and page
thumbnails will help you navigate through longer resources more eciently. The zoom and page display functions
enable you to see the resources in detail.
Text Search
Bookmarks
Page Navigation
Page Thumbnails
Page Number
Tabs Corresponding to Each
Case Study Resource
Zoom In/Out
Page Display
Options
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EXAM CONTENTEXAM CONTENT
Practice Management
PcM
Project Management
PjM
Programming & Analysis
PA
Project Planning & Design
PPD
Project Development & Documentation
PDD
Construction & Evaluation
CE
NCARB used the results of the NCARB 2012 Practice Analysis of Architecture when developing ARE 5.0 to
determine the critical knowledge and skills an architect must perform competently. These knowledge and skills were
organized into six practice-based divisions:
Each division is broken down into multiple sections, and each section has objectives on which candidates will be
assessed. All of the questions on an ARE division are authored to assess candidates based on the objectives in
that division. Keep in mind that each of the objectives in a division are paired with a cognitive level appropriate
for the type of mental functioning that the objective might require in practice. Every question on the ARE is
authored to address one objective and one cognitive level.
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Practice Management
(
PcM
)
This division will assess objectives related to the management of architectural practice, including professional ethics,
fiduciary responsibilities, and the regulations governing the practice of architecture. The division will focus on issues
related to pre-contract tasks including negotiation, human resource management, and consultant development.
Candidates must demonstrate an understanding of and abilities in business structure, business development, and
asset development and protection.
SECTION 1: Business Operations
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 71
SECTION 2: Finances, Risk, & Development of Practice ................................................................................................................................................................. 72
SECTION 3: Practice-Wide Delivery of Services .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 73
SECTION 4: Practice Methodologies .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 74
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Practice Management
DIVISION DETAILSDIVISION DETAILS
TOTAL
ITEMS
SCORED
ITEMS
PRETEST
ITEMS
NUMBER OF
CASE STUDIES
NUMBER OF
CASE STUDY
ITEMS
TEST
DURATION
OPTIONAL
BREAK
DURATION
TOTAL APPOINTMENT
DURATION*
65 59 6 2 10-14
2 hr
40 min
30 min 3 hr 20 min
*Appointments allow for introductory screens, optional break time, and closing screens. Pretest items don't count against a candidate's final score.
This division will test a candidate’s ability to protect the public’s health, safety, and welfare by:
• Applying competent delivery of professional architectural services
• Applying the laws and regulations of architectural practice
• Evaluating legal, ethical, and contractual standards in the performance of architectural tasks
The 65 items will assess you on four sections related to Practice Management. The number of items from each
section will vary based on the targeted percentage of items within each section.
SECTION DETAILSSECTION DETAILS
SECTIONS
EXPECTED
NUMBER
OF ITEMS
TARGET
PERCENTAGE*
SECTION 1: Business
Operations
13-17 20-26%
SECTION 2: Finances, Risk, &
Development of Practice
19-23 29-35%
SECTION 3: Practice-Wide
Delivery of Services
14-18 22-28%
SECTION 4: Practice
Methodologies
11-15 17-23%
*The percentages shown for each section and objective represent a typical form of this division. The specific form you experience may vary slightly, as
adjustments are made from form to form to balance factors such as overall form level of diculty and average time to answer the assembled items.
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SECTION 1
PcM
Business Operations
In this section you will need to understand that running a business requires attention to stang, regulations,
insurance, ethics, and the appropriate Standard of Care.
OBJECTIVE 1.1 (8-12%) OBJECTIVE 1.1 (8-12%)
Assess resources within the practice (A/E)
You will need to analyze the stang needs of a practice and recommend criteria and protocols for hiring, stang
assignments, sta evaluations, sta scheduling, and professional development. You will also need to evaluate
capital expenditures, such as hardware, software, or training. These are items that support a firm's current
business model or allow a firm to expand into a new practice area, evolve to oer more environmental design, or
address other changing needs.
OBJECTIVE 1.2 (4-8%) OBJECTIVE 1.2 (4-8%)
Apply the regulations and requirements governing the work environment (U/A)
You will need to demonstrate your understanding of laws, regulations, and insurance that apply to running a
practice, including health insurance, worker’s compensation, general liability, and labor laws.
OBJECTIVE 1.3 (2-6%) OBJECTIVE 1.3 (2-6%)
Apply ethical standards to comply with accepted principles within a given situation (U/A)
You will determine the appropriate responses to given situations which demonstrate your understanding of laws,
rules of conduct, and ethics in responding to client requests and business practices. This could include issues such
as plagiarism, copyright or intellectual property infringement, exaggeration, and libel or slander.
OBJECTIVE 1.4 (1-5%) OBJECTIVE 1.4 (1-5%)
Apply appropriate Standard of Care within a given situation (U/A)
You will need to understand the Standard of Care and its implications on providing professional services, the
impact of errors and omissions, the responsibility to appropriately address vulnerabilities and risks associated
with climate change, and how to appropriately respond to unknown conditions in order to protect the health,
safety, and welfare of the public.
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SECTION 2
PcM
Finances, Risk, &
Development of Practice
This section is about how running and developing a practice requires attention to finances, mitigating
risk and liability, and negotiating services and contracts. This is the largest section within the Practice
Management division.
OBJECTIVE 2.1 (11-15%)OBJECTIVE 2.1 (11-15%)
Evaluate the financial well-being of the practice (A/E)
You will need to be able to analyze financial data, business strategies, and the firm’s strategic priorities to identify actions
that position the practice appropriately.
OBJECTIVE 2.2 (10-14%)OBJECTIVE 2.2 (10-14%)
Identify practice policies and methodologies for risk, legal exposures, and resolutions (U/A)
You will need to understand the implications of various types of projects, client types, and contract terms as they relate
to risk, legal exposure, and insurance coverage. The application of conflict resolution and quality management techniques
to various situations that arise within a practice is also a necessary component.
OBJECTIVE 2.3 (5-9%)OBJECTIVE 2.3 (5-9%)
Select and apply practice strategies for a given business situation and policy (U/A)
You will need to make decisions, and understand the impact of those decisions, related to negotiations of services,
contracts, scope creep, and scope adjustments, as well as protecting intellectual property in a given business situation.
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SECTION 3
PcM
Practice-Wide Delivery of Services
In this section you will need to look at projects in the context of their impact on the overall running of a practice.
OBJECTIVE 3.1 (3-7%)OBJECTIVE 3.1 (3-7%)
Analyze and determine response for client services requests (A/E)
One of the most important things you will need to do as an architect is assess the scope of services needed,
completeness of requests, public interest conflicts, and fee proposals based on client requests, prior to finalizing a
contract with a client.
OBJECTIVE 3.2 (10-14%)OBJECTIVE 3.2 (10-14%)
Analyze applicability of contract types and delivery methods (A/E)
You will also need to dierentiate between the appropriate types of contracts and agreements, estimate the impact and
risk of changes to contracts, and understand the impact of various delivery options for a given project.
OBJECTIVE 3.3 (6-10%)OBJECTIVE 3.3 (6-10%)
Determine potential risk and/or reward of a project and its impact on the practice (A/E)
You must be able to evaluate projects to assess their value, liability, risk, opportunity, and anticipated benefit to the
practice as a whole.
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SECTION 4
PcM
Practice Methodologies
In this section you will need to analyze how a practice is structured to achieve its goals and how to coordinate
various projects and services within a practice. This section is the smallest of the four sections in the Practice
Management division.
OBJECTIVE 4.1 (8-12%)OBJECTIVE 4.1 (8-12%)
Analyze the impact of practice methodologies relative to structure and organization of the practice (A/E)
Architects must be able to examine various ways to structure a practice to achieve the firm goals. This requires you to
have an understanding of the various business structures and the role evidence-based design plays in order to achieve
the firm goals.
OBJECTIVE 4.2 (8-12%) OBJECTIVE 4.2 (8-12%)
Evaluate design, coordination, and documentation methodologies for the practice (A/E)
You must also be able to evaluate the impact of various methodologies—such as evidence-based design, integrated
project delivery, or phasing—and analyze how these methodologies impact quality control and security throughout all
phases of a project.
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Project Management
(
PjM
)
This division will assess objectives related to the management of architectural projects, including organizing
principles, contract management, and consultant management. The division will focus on issues related to
oce standards, development of project teams, and overall project control of client, fee, and risk management.
Candidates must demonstrate an understanding of and abilities in quality control, project team configuration, and
project scheduling. In addition, candidates must demonstrate the ability to establish and deliver project services per
contractual requirements in collaboration with consultants.
SECTION 1: Resource Management
................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 77
SECTION 2: Project Work Planning ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 78
SECTION 3: Contracts ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 79
SECTION 4: Project Execution .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 80
SECTION 5: Project Quality Control ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 81
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Project Management
DIVISION DETAILSDIVISION DETAILS
TOTAL
ITEMS
SCORED
ITEMS
PRETEST
ITEMS
NUMBER
OF CASE
STUDIES
NUMBER OF
CASE STUDY
ITEMS
TEST
DURATION
OPTIONAL
BREAK
DURATION
TOTAL APPOINTMENT
DURATION*
75 68 7 2 12-16 3 hr 30 min
3 hr
40 min
*Appointments allow for introductory screens, optional break time, and closing screens. Pretest items don't count toward or against your final score.
This division will test a candidate’s ability to protect the public’s health, safety, and welfare by:
• Administering contract requirements and competent delivery of project services
• Organizing a team to design and produce contract documents
• Coordinating project team activities and project budget
• Communicating information to all constituents throughout the project delivery process
• Developing a project schedule that defines tasks and meets milestones
The 75 items will assess you on five sections related to Project Management. The number of items from each
section will vary based on the targeted percentage of items within each section.
SECTION DETAILSSECTION DETAILS
SECTIONS
EXPECTED
NUMBER
OF ITEMS
TARGET
PERCENTAGE*
SECTION 1: Resource Management 5-10 7-13%
SECTION 2: Project Work Planning 13-17 17-23%
SECTION 3: Contracts 19-23 25-31%
SECTION 4: Project Execution 13-17 17-23%
SECTION 5: Project Quality Control 14-19 19-25%
*The percentages shown for each section and objective represent a typical form of this division. The specific form you may experience may vary slightly as
adjustments are made from form to form to balance factors such as overall form level of diculty and average time to answer the assembled items.
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SECTION 1
PjM
Resource Management
Once you have a signed contract, it’s time to determine what resources will be needed to execute the project. In
this section, you will need to determine the composition of the project team and how each team member’s time
will be managed and allocated in order to execute the project.
OBJECTIVE 1.1 (3-7%) OBJECTIVE 1.1 (3-7%)
Determine criteria required to assemble team (U/A)
You will need to determine what internal sta and outside consultants will be needed to complete the project and fulfill
the contract. This will include understanding fees related to the project and consultants. You will need to anticipate the
specific responsibilities of the team being assembled.
OBJECTIVE 1.2 (3-7%) OBJECTIVE 1.2 (3-7%)
Assess criteria required to allocate and manage project resources (A/E)
As the project proceeds, you will also need to assess appropriate levels of stang relative to the project needs and fees.
This will require tracking the progress of the project based on personnel, hours, fees, and schedule.
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SECTION 2
PjM
Project Work Planning
In this section, you will evaluate eective ways to develop and communicate a work plan with the assembled
project team in order to complete the project.
OBJECTIVE 2.1 (5-9%) OBJECTIVE 2.1 (5-9%)
Develop and maintain project work plan (U/A)
You will need to use resources such as Gantt charts or critical path schedules, to identify key activities and milestones
in a project and how they can be achieved. You will also need to be able to modify schedules and work plans to
incorporate feedback or changes to the project.
OBJECTIVE 2.2 (5-9%) OBJECTIVE 2.2 (5-9%)
Determine criteria required to develop and maintain project schedule (A/E)
Prioritizing tasks and evaluating their impact on a balanced workload is a critical aspect of this section. You will need to
assess how outside factors, like client reviews, regulatory submissions, and testing, impact work plans and schedules.
OBJECTIVE 2.3 (4-8%) OBJECTIVE 2.3 (4-8%)
Determine appropriate communication to project team – owner, contractor, consultants and internal
sta (U/A)
Architects must also determine the type and content of documents needed to communicate during the work planning
phase of a project. These include documents such as agendas, meeting minutes, emails, and memos.
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SECTION 3
PjM
Contracts
In this section, you will analyze the contracts that establish relationships between the architect, owner,
contractors, and consultants.
OBJECTIVE 3.1 (10-14%) OBJECTIVE 3.1 (10-14%)
Evaluate and verify adherence to owner/architect agreement (A/E)
AIA Document B101 is the primary document in this relationship. With a clear understanding of each article, you should
be able to dierentiate between basic, supplemental, and additional services; determine requisite billing for each phase;
and recognize when a phase is completed. You will need to select the appropriate delivery method based on standard
contract requirements.
OBJECTIVE 3.2 (5-9%) OBJECTIVE 3.2 (5-9%)
Interpret key elements of, and verify adherence to architect/consultant agreement (U/A)
AIA Document C401 is the primary document in this relationship. You will need to identify contract requirements related
to completing a project, additional services, and payment schedules.
OBJECTIVE 3.3 (4-8%) OBJECTIVE 3.3 (4-8%)
Interpret key elements of the owner/contractor agreement (U/A)
AIA Documents A101 and A201 are the primary documents for this relationship. You will need to understand the
architect’s role relative to the owner when working with a contractor across various delivery methods.
OBJECTIVE 3.4 (1-5%) OBJECTIVE 3.4 (1-5%)
Interpret key elements of the owner/architect agreement to integrate an owner's consultant's work into the
project (U/A)
You will need to understand how an owner's consultant's work aects project deliverables. This requires identifying how
to sequence, integrate, and coordinate an owner's consultant’s work in the overall project.
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SECTION 4
PjM
Project Execution
This section assesses management of the project’s execution. It is not about the design-related decisions, but
rather the necessary administrative procedures throughout the project.
OBJECTIVE 4.1 (3-7%) OBJECTIVE 4.1 (3-7%)
Evaluate compliance with construction budget (A/E)
Architects must confirm all items in construction estimates to ensure they align with the budget. You must also evaluate
estimates throughout the course of the project to mitigate changes in material or scope to comply with the budget.
OBJECTIVE 4.2 (3-7%) OBJECTIVE 4.2 (3-7%)
Evaluate and address changes in scope of work and scope creep (A/E)
You will need to be able to analyze changes in scope to determine the impact on fees, schedules, and owner financing.
OBJECTIVE 4.3 (5-9%) OBJECTIVE 4.3 (5-9%)
Evaluate project documentation to ensure it supports the specified delivery method (A/E)
As an architect, you must be able to determine the appropriate documentation needed for projects, including consultant
documents. You must also be able to coordinate close-out and construction administration documentation.
OBJECTIVE 4.4 (1-5%) OBJECTIVE 4.4 (1-5%)
Identify and conform with the requirements set forth by authorities having jurisdiction in order to obtain
approvals for the project (U/A)
Lastly, you will need to be able to identify which authorities have jurisdiction over projects and determine what
submittals are required for project approvals. This includes properly responding to questions or feedback from these
authorities. Authorities could include zoning commissions, neighborhood review boards, or plan reviewers.
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SECTION 5
PjM
Project Quality Control
The last section in this division analyzes quality control methods, procedures, and review processes in order
to maintain the proper Standard of Care throughout the entire project. As with the previous sections,
this section is not about the design-related decisions, but rather the necessary administrative procedures
throughout the project.
OBJECTIVE 5.1 (2-6%) OBJECTIVE 5.1 (2-6%)
Apply procedures required for adherence to laws and regulations relating to the project (U/A)
You will need to be able to identify the government agencies who have jurisdiction on the project and determine what
permits and procedures will be required throughout the project duration. This also includes establishing protocols to
maintain compliance on the project site. In addition, you'll need to know the requirements for performing a code analysis
and understand the impact of building, zoning, and other jurisdictional codes on design and construction.
OBJECTIVE 5.2 (4-8%) OBJECTIVE 5.2 (4-8%)
Identify steps in maintaining project quality control, and reducing risks and liabilities (A/E)
You will need to establish review processes to be utilized throughout the project to evaluate quality control, assess
risk and liabilities, and identify level of completion at each phase of the project. Understanding the dierent types of
insurance related to architectural practice and understanding strategies for conflict resolution are also critical ways to
manage risks and liabilities.
OBJECTIVE 5.3 (5-9%) OBJECTIVE 5.3 (5-9%)
Perform quality control reviews of project documentation throughout life of project (A/E)
You will need to carry out the review steps and procedures identified and established in the previous objective with
regards to quality control and risk. This includes coordinating the design work and documentation of consultants. It's
critical to assess the impact of design decisions and changes on constructability.
OBJECTIVE 5.4 (3-7%) OBJECTIVE 5.4 (3-7%)
Evaluate management of the design process to maintain integrity of design objectives (A/E)
As an architect, you must ensure design objectives are continually monitored and met across all phases of design. In
this division, it is not about the design details, but the process of communicating the design objectives through regular
collaboration with project stakeholders.
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Programming & Analysis
(
PA
)
This division will assess objectives related to the evaluation of project requirements, constraints, and opportunities.
The division will focus on issues related to programming, site analysis, and zoning and code requirements. Candidates
must demonstrate an understanding of and abilities in project type analysis, the establishment of qualitative
and quantitative project requirements, evaluation of project site and context, and assessment of economic issues.
SECTION 1: Environmental & Contextual Conditions
......................................................................................................................................................................... 84
SECTION 2: Codes & Regulations ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 85
SECTION 3: Site Analysis & Programming .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 86
SECTION 4: Building Analysis & Programming ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 87
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Programming & Analysis
DIVISION DETAILSDIVISION DETAILS
TOTAL
ITEMS
SCORED
ITEMS
PRETEST
ITEMS
NUMBER
OF CASE
STUDIES
NUMBER OF
CASE STUDY
ITEMS
TEST
DURATION
OPTIONAL
BREAK
DURATION
TOTAL APPOINTMENT
DURATION*
75 68 7 2 12-16 3 hr 30 min
3 hr
40 min
*Appointments allow for introductory screens, optional break time, and closing screens. Pretest items don't count toward or against your final score.
This division will test a candidate’s ability to protect the public’s health, safety, and welfare by:
• Evaluating qualitative and quantitative project requirements
• Analyzing environmental, social, and economic requirements of a project
• Synthesizing project requirements based on gathered information
The 75 items will assess you on four sections related to Programming & Analysis. The number of items from each
section will vary based on the targeted percentage of items within each section.
SECTION DETAILSSECTION DETAILS
SECTIONS
EXPECTED
NUMBER
OF ITEMS
TARGET
PERCENTAGE*
SECTION 1: Environmental & Contextual Conditions 11-16 14-21%
SECTION 2: Codes & Regulations 12-17 16-22%
SECTION 3: Site Analysis & Programming 16-20 21-27%
SECTION 4: Building Analysis & Programming 28-32 37-43%
*The percentages shown for each section and objective represent a typical form of this division. The specific form you may experience may vary slightly as
adjustments are made from form to form to balance factors such as overall form level of diculty and average time to answer the assembled items.
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SECTION 1
PA
Environmental &
Contextual Conditions
In this section, you’ll evaluate a project site and identify both the opportunities and constraints that may impact
future development.
OBJECTIVE 1.1 (2-6%) OBJECTIVE 1.1 (2-6%)
Evaluate site-specific environmental and socio-cultural opportunities (A/E)
You will need to analyze a project site and assess opportunities that could be incorporated into future site and building
development. These opportunities may include alternative energy resources, natural landscape features, microclimates,
and neighborhood context, along with other environmental, social, and cultural conditions.
OBJECTIVE 1.2 (7-11%)OBJECTIVE 1.2 (7-11%)
Evaluate site-specific environmental constraints (A/E)
You will need to analyze a project site and assess constraints and hazardous conditions that could limit a building’s
location and future site development. These constraints may include issues like a floodplain, unstable soil, radon, lead,
a brownfield, abandoned structures, environmental policies and regulations, or vulnerabilities and risks associated with
climate change. You will also need to identify strategies that could mitigate adverse site conditions.
OBJECTIVE 1.3 (2-6%) OBJECTIVE 1.3 (2-6%)
Determine optimal use of onsite resources by incorporating sustainability principles (U/A)
After evaluating a site for both opportunities and constraints, you must be able to identify appropriate design responses
for a building's location, orientation, massing, footprint, and passive energy use in order to minimize the project's negative
environmental impacts and make use of existing natural features.
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SECTION 2
PA
Codes & Regulations
In this section, you’ll look at the codes and regulations appropriate to the initial analysis and programming
phase of a project.
OBJECTIVE 2.1 (5-9%) OBJECTIVE 2.1 (5-9%)
Identify relevant code requirements for building and site types (U/A)
As an architect, you need to be able to determine and understand the codes and regulations that govern a specific
project type and geographic region. This includes distinguishing relevant accessibility and ADA requirements, applicable
building and energy codes, and sustainability-related standards and guidelines. It's important to conduct an initial code
analysis to understand how the codes will aect a project's design.
OBJECTIVE 2.2 (5-9%)OBJECTIVE 2.2 (5-9%)
Identify relevant zoning and land use requirements (U/A)
You need to be able to determine and understand requirements that limit the extent of site and building development.
This includes issues like setbacks, footprint limitations, maximum building heights, FAR, parking requirements, easements,
and other zoning and land use regulations. Recognizing situations where a special exception or variance is suitable and
understanding the process for approval are also included in this objective.
OBJECTIVE 2.3 (3-7%) OBJECTIVE 2.3 (3-7%)
Identify relevant local and site-specific requirements (U/A)
You will need to determine and understand specialty regulations that apply to a particular site. These may include
requirements about wetlands, flood plains, design overlay districts, or historic preservation.
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SECTION 3
PA
Site Analysis & Programming
In this section, you’ll need to analyze a project site relative to the program and project requirements.
OBJECTIVE 3.1 (6-10%) OBJECTIVE 3.1 (6-10%)
Evaluate relevant qualitative and quantitative attributes of a site as they relate to a program (A/E)
This objective assesses your ability to analyze a project site relative to the requirements in the program to determine
if it is appropriate and feasible for development. You will need to consider the climate, topography, drainage, soil, built
and natural features, utilities, access points, trac patterns, easements, and other attributes relevant to the project
and program.
OBJECTIVE 3.2 (8-12%)OBJECTIVE 3.2 (8-12%)
Synthesize site reports with other documentation and analysis (A/E)
In addition to analyzing the attributes of the site, you will also need to review and interpret site documentation such as
geotechnical reports, landscape reports, archaeological studies, utility surveys, topographic maps, demographics, trac
studies, environmental data, historic reports, and other site related reports. This is used to determine the feasibility of a
project and verify the selection of site related consultants needed to execute the project.
OBJECTIVE 3.3 (4-8%) OBJECTIVE 3.3 (4-8%)
Analyze graphical representations regarding site analysis and site programming (A/E)
You must be able to evaluate and understand diagrammatic graphics and how they are used to represent and
communicate site conditions, relationships, and program requirements. These graphics include topographic,
programming, circulation, adjacency, environmental, view, and vegetation diagrams, which communicate site
information and relationships.
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SECTION 4
PA
Building Analysis & Programming
In this section, you’ll analyze new or existing buildings relative to the program requirements, cost, and schedule.
This is the largest section in the Programming & Analysis division.
OBJECTIVE 4.1 (3-7%) OBJECTIVE 4.1 (3-7%)
Evaluate relevant qualitative and quantitative attributes of a new or existing building as they relate to the
program (A/E)
As an architect, you will need to review an existing or new building to determine if the design addresses views, daylight,
spatial organization, and other program requirements. You will also need to analyze an existing building to determine
if renovation, adaptive reuse, preservation, or demolition are appropriate and feasible to meet project needs. Relevant
factors may include a building's MEP systems, structural stability, hazardous materials, historic features, or eligibility for
tax credits.
OBJECTIVE 4.2 (3-7%)OBJECTIVE 4.2 (3-7%)
Evaluate documentation, reports, assessments, and analyses to inform the building program (A/E)
In addition to analyzing the attributes of a building, you will need to review and interpret technical documentation such as
structural assessments, geotechnical reports, neighborhood and regional context, and condition assessment reports. These
are used to consider the feasibility of a project and how the building program may be positively or negatively aected.
OBJECTIVE 4.3 (8-12%) OBJECTIVE 4.3 (8-12%)
Identify and prioritize components of the building program (A/E)
As an architect, you must be able to review and understand the building program relative to the client’s requirements.
This includes the consideration of primary vs. subsidiary, back of house vs. front of house, occupied vs. unoccupied, as
well as phasing and major circulation components. Understanding the area requirements of a building type relative to the
program, including net square footage and gross square footage, is very important, as are how they relate to each other
and the overall program requirements.
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CONTINUED
OBJECTIVE 4.4 (8-12%)OBJECTIVE 4.4 (8-12%)
Assess spatial and functional relationships for the building program (A/E)
Spatial organization is an important aspect of architecture, so reviewing and analyzing the building program relative
to both horizontal and vertical spatial and functional relationships is an important assessment. You must consider
the vertical relationships of shafts, stairs, conveying systems, atriums, and other multi-level spaces, as well as the
horizontal relationships including circulation, entry, loading, assembly, MEP spaces, and other programmed spaces.
OBJECTIVE 4.5 (2-6%)OBJECTIVE 4.5 (2-6%)
Recommend a preliminary project budget and schedule (U/A)
As an architect, you must be able to compare available project information (master plans, existing documentation,
program requirements, site information, etc.) to determine a preliminary project schedule and cost. If the project
budget and schedule have been defined by the client, you should be able to evaluate this information to determine
the feasibility of the project and provide appropriate recommendations.
OBJECTIVE 4.6 (1-5%)OBJECTIVE 4.6 (1-5%)
Identify alternatives for building and structural systems for given programmatic requirements,
preliminary budget, and schedule (U/A)
You will need to understand various building materials as well as civil, structural, and MEP systems to determine
the appropriateness of each to meet project needs, based on factors such as building type, function, program,
availability, cost, and sustainability goals. Even before the selection of each system, you will need to be able to
identify alternative systems that could fulfill the project requirements.
OBJECTIVE 4.7 (2-6%)OBJECTIVE 4.7 (2-6%)
Analyze graphical representations regarding building analysis and building programming (A/E)
You will need to understand diagrammatic graphics and evaluate how they are used to communicate building
relationships and other requirements. These may include diagrams that depict horizontal and vertical circulation,
space adjacencies, solar path, or views.
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Project Planning & Design
(
PPD
)
This division will assess objectives related to the preliminary design of sites and buildings. The division will focus
on issues related to the generation or evaluation of design alternatives that synthesize environmental, cultural,
behavioral, technical and economic issues. Candidates must demonstrate an understanding of and abilities in design
concepts, sustainability/environmental design, universal design, and other forms of governing codes and regulations.
SECTION 1: Environmental Conditions & Context
....................................................................................................................................................................................... 91
SECTION 2: Codes & Regulations ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 92
SECTION 3: Building Systems, Materials, & Assemblies ..................................................................................................................................................................... 93
SECTION 4: Project Integration of Program & Systems .................................................................................................................................................................... 94
SECTION 5: Project Costs & Budgeting ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 95
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Project Planning & Design
DIVISION DETAILSDIVISION DETAILS
TOTAL
ITEMS
SCORED
ITEMS
PRETEST
ITEMS
NUMBER
OF CASE
STUDIES
NUMBER OF
CASE STUDY
ITEMS
TEST
DURATION
OPTIONAL
BREAK
DURATION
TOTAL APPOINTMENT
DURATION*
100 91 9 2 16-20
4 hr
5 min
45 min 5 hr
*Appointments allow for introductory screens, optional break time, and closing screens. Pretest items don't count toward or against your final score.
This division will test a candidate’s ability to protect the public’s health, safety, and welfare by:
• Evaluating project design alternatives
• Determining if a design meets project parameters, including those defined by the client, the environment,
and society
• Selecting the appropriate building systems and material to meet project goals and regulatory requirements
• Integrating technical knowledge and information to develop a design
The 100 items will assess you on five sections related to Project Planning & Design. The number of items from each
section will vary based on the targeted percentage of items within each section.
SECTION DETAILSSECTION DETAILS
SECTIONS
EXPECTED
NUMBER
OF ITEMS
TARGET
PERCENTAGE*
SECTION 1: Environmental Conditions
& Context
10-16
10-16%
SECTION 2: Codes & Regulations
16-22
16-22%
SECTION 3: Building Systems, Materials,
& Assemblies
19-25
19-25%
SECTION 4: Project Integration of
Program & Systems
32-38
32-38%
SECTION 5: Project Costs & Budgeting
8-14
8-14%
*The percentages shown for each section and objective represent a typical form of this division. The specific form you may experience may vary slightly as
adjustments are made from form to form to balance factors such as overall form level of diculty and average time to answer the assembled items.
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Environmental Conditions
& Context
In this section, you’ll use the site information gathered in the programming and analysis phase of a project to plan
the site and environmental aspects of a project.
OBJECTIVE 1.1 (4-8%) OBJECTIVE 1.1 (4-8%)
Determine location of building and site improvements based on site analysis (A/E)
Based on views, wind, solar path, topography, adjacencies, planning concepts, and vulnerabilities and risks associated
with climate change, you will need to locate a new built project on its site. This can include the orientation of one
building, the arrangement of multiple buildings, the configuration of an addition to an existing building, or the layout of
site improvements.
OBJECTIVE 1.2 (2-6%)OBJECTIVE 1.2 (2-6%)
Determine sustainable principles to apply to design (A/E)
An architect must use sun, wind, temperature, precipitation, and other climatic data to determine building orientation
and shape, building envelope design, site features, and active and/or passive building systems. Sustainable principles also
include considering recycled content, identifying opportunities to minimize waste when selecting building materials, and
other strategies to increase the project's resilience and reduce its negative impact on the environment.
OBJECTIVE 1.3 (1-5%) OBJECTIVE 1.3 (1-5%)
Determine impact of neighborhood context on the project design (U/A)
You will need to consider the character of a site’s neighborhood, including proximity to various modes of transit, nearby
amenities and public services, utilities, noise pollution, the scale of adjacent buildings, surrounding façade materials,
historic precedent, and historic preservation requirements. Understanding how these impact a project is necessary as you
determine an appropriate design response for a given architectural context.
SECTION 1
PPD
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SECTION 2
PPD
Codes & Regulations
In this section, you’ll look at the codes and regulations relevant to the planning phase of a project.
OBJECTIVE 2.1 (3-7%) OBJECTIVE 2.1 (3-7%)
Apply zoning and environmental regulations to site and building design (U/A)
It is important to understand the regulations that govern the outside of a building, including standard and accessible
parking requirements, allowable building size based on FAR, site coverage, property line setbacks, and requirements for
managing stormwater runo.
OBJECTIVE 2.2 (8-12%)OBJECTIVE 2.2 (8-12%)
Apply building codes to building design (U/A)
It is also important to assess the building code requirements that impact a project. This includes building height and area
limits, maximum occupant load, fire separation, required egress, accessibility, plumbing fixture counts, and energy usage.
Architects must be able to compile this information into a code analysis and incorporate it into the design.
OBJECTIVE 2.3 (2-6%) OBJECTIVE 2.3 (2-6%)
Integrate multiple codes to a project design (A/E)
Multiple codes may govern a project, depending on the jurisdiction, funding stream, or other factors. You will need to
understand the use of related codes, like energy, mechanical, and universal design; determine how multiple codes are
used together; and discern which code governs when a conflict arises.
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SECTION 3
PPD
Building Systems, Materials,
& Assemblies
In this section, you’ll focus on other disciplines with which an architect must be familiar, along with the various
components that make up the building.
OBJECTIVE 3.1 (5-9%) OBJECTIVE 3.1 (5-9%)
Determine mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems (A/E)
You will need to evaluate mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems, including their impact on building and site design.
Based on function, cost, size, availability, programmatic needs, and energy/water usage, you will need to select the
appropriate systems for a building.
OBJECTIVE 3.2 (4-8%)OBJECTIVE 3.2 (4-8%)
Determine structural systems (A/E)
You will need to evaluate dierent structural systems, including their cost, availability, load capacity, and impact on
building design and configuration. Based on these factors, as well as building size and function, you will need to select the
appropriate structural system and layout for a building.
OBJECTIVE 3.3 (1-5%) OBJECTIVE 3.3 (1-5%)
Determine special systems such as acoustics, communications, lighting, security, conveying, and fire
suppression (A/E)
You will need to evaluate specialty systems and select the appropriate systems for a building based on the building type,
function, and programmatic requirements. You will also need to assess the impact of these specialty systems on the
overall design of a building.
OBJECTIVE 3.4 (4-8%) OBJECTIVE 3.4 (4-8%)
Determine materials and assemblies to meet programmatic, budgetary, and regulatory requirements (A/E)
You will need to select a building’s envelope system, interior materials, and other assemblies based on cost, availability,
program requirements, environmental conditions, sustainability requirements, or other factors. You will also need to
evaluate the impact of those decisions on building design.
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SECTION 4
PPD
Project Integration of
Program & Systems
In this section, you’ll pull together all the decisions from the previous three sections regarding environmental
conditions, code, systems, and assemblies. This is the largest section in the Project Planning & Design division.
OBJECTIVE 4.1 (8-12%) OBJECTIVE 4.1 (8-12%)
Determine building configuration (A/E )
As an architect, you will need to resolve the building’s configuration based on program and code requirements, selected
MEP and structural systems, site and environmental conditions, historic precedent, sustainability requirements, and
principles of design logic.
OBJECTIVE 4.2 (10-14%)OBJECTIVE 4.2 (10-14%)
Integrate building systems in the project design (A/E)
Within this division is the beginning of systems coordination. You must consider how the selected systems fit together,
both spatially and functionally, and how they are coordinated into the architectural design. You will also need to
evaluate how changes in one building system impact another system as well as the overall project design.
OBJECTIVE 4.3 (6-10%) OBJECTIVE 4.3 (6-10%)
Integrate program requirements into a project design (A/E)
Architects must be able to reconcile the relationships between various program requirements, evaluate the program’s
impact on cost and building systems, and assess how the program is aected by environmental factors. It's important
that you are able to create a building layout that incorporates program requirements for a project.
OBJECTIVE 4.4 (3-7%) OBJECTIVE 4.4 (3-7%)
Integrate environmental and contextual conditions in the project design (A/E)
You will need to incorporate various design strategies, including those assessed in Section 1, into the project. This may
include elements like view corridors, shading elements, building materials, and landscape design.
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SECTION 5
PPD
Project Costs & Budgeting
In this last section, you’ll consider the bottom line: how much does this project cost.
OBJECTIVE 5.1 (2-6%) OBJECTIVE 5.1 (2-6%)
Evaluate design alternatives based on the program (A/E)
The first design is not necessarily the best, so analyzing design alternatives against the program requirements, project
goals, and project budget, as well as considering the various factors that aect costs, is critical as you determine the
most appropriate design option that fits within the project budget.
OBJECTIVE 5.2 (1-5%)OBJECTIVE 5.2 (1-5%)
Perform cost evaluation (A/E)
It is important for you to evaluate various methods of estimating project costs, including those based on program type,
square footage, or systems/assemblies. You must be able to create a preliminary cost estimate, adjust the estimate as
the design develops, calculate the cost of design alternatives, and reconcile the estimate with the project budget.
OBJECTIVE 5.3 (2-6%) OBJECTIVE 5.3 (2-6%)
Evaluate cost considerations during the design process (A/E)
Architects need to consider client priorities and life cycle costs when selecting materials and systems, and they must
evaluate the cost eectiveness of various design decisions. As an architect, you will need to determine if a project design
must be modified based on cost evaluations and budgetary needs.
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Project Development &
Documentation
(
PDD
)
This division will assess objectives related to the integration and documentation of building systems, material
selection, and material assemblies into a project. The division will focus on issues related to the development
of design concepts, evaluation of materials and technologies, selection of appropriate construction techniques,
and appropriate construction documentation. Candidates must demonstrate an understanding of and abilities in
integration of civil, structural, mechanical, electrical, plumbing, and specialty systems into overall project design
and documentation.
SECTION 1: Integration of Building Materials & Systems
................................................................................................................................................................ 98
SECTION 2: Construction Documentation ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 100
SECTION 3: Project Manual & Specifications ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 102
SECTION 4: Codes & Regulations ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 103
SECTION 5: Construction Cost Estimates ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 104
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Project Development & Documentation
DIVISION DETAILSDIVISION DETAILS
TOTAL
ITEMS
SCORED
ITEMS
PRETEST
ITEMS
NUMBER
OF CASE
STUDIES
NUMBER OF
CASE STUDY
ITEMS
TEST
DURATION
OPTIONAL
BREAK
DURATION
TOTAL APPOINTMENT
DURATION*
100 91 9 2 16-20
4 hr
5 min
45 min 5 hr
*Appointments allow for introductory screens, optional break time, and closing screens. Pretest items don't count toward or against your final score.
This division will test a candidate’s ability to protect the public’s health, safety, and welfare by:
• Evaluating project documentation for the constructability of a building and site
• Integrating technical knowledge and information to refine a design
• Integrating materials and building systems to meet the project design requirements
• Translating design decisions into appropriate construction documentation
The 100 items will assess you on five sections related to Project Development & Documentation. The number of
items from each section will vary based on the targeted percentage of items within each section.
SECTION DETAILSSECTION DETAILS
SECTIONS
EXPECTED
NUMBER
OF ITEMS
TARGET
PERCENTAGE*
SECTION 1: Integration of Building
Materials & Systems
31-37
31-37%
SECTION 2: Construction Documentation
32-38
32-38%
SECTION 3: Project Manual
& Specifications
12-18
12-18%
SECTION 4: Codes & Regulations
8-14
8-14%
SECTION 5: Construction Cost Estimates
2-8
2-8%
*The percentages shown for each section and objective represent a typical form of this division. The specific form you may experience may vary slightly as
adjustments are made from form to form to balance factors such as overall form level of diculty and average time to answer the assembled items.
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SECTION 1
PDD
Integration of Building Materials
& Systems
In this section, you’ll focus on resolving and detailing architectural systems and assemblies, building materials, and
engineering systems.
OBJECTIVE 1.1 (5-9%)OBJECTIVE 1.1 (5-9%)
Analyze the integration of architectural systems and technologies to meet project goals (A/E)
As an architect you will first need to resolve and detail roof, curtain wall, cladding, window, floor, and other architectural
systems, while also considering the detail requirements and capabilities of individual building materials.
OBJECTIVE 1.2 (5-9%) OBJECTIVE 1.2 (5-9%)
Determine the size of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems and components to meet project
goals (U/A)
You will need to identify and develop mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems based on system type, system
requirements, programmatic requirements, and other factors. This may include tasks such as calculating the size of
system components, determining a lighting layout, or incorporating renewable energy systems into a design.
OBJECTIVE 1.3 (5-9%) OBJECTIVE 1.3 (5-9%)
Determine the size of structural systems to meet project goals (U/A)
You will need to identify and develop structural systems, including detailing connections between standard horizontal
and vertical structural components and calculating the size of some structural components based on the system type,
system requirements, programmatic requirements, and other factors.
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CONTINUED
OBJECTIVE 1.4 (1-5%)OBJECTIVE 1.4 (1-5%)
Integrate specialty systems such as acoustics, lighting, fire suppression, conveying, security, and
communications to meet project goals (U/A)
You will need to be able to identify, develop, and integrate individual specialty system components based on system type,
system requirements, programmatic requirements, and other factors.
OBJECTIVE 1.5 (3-7%)OBJECTIVE 1.5 (3-7%)
Determine how to detail the integration of multiple building systems and technologies (U/A)
You must also be able to detail and resolve the intersection of roof, curtain wall, cladding, window, floor, structural,
interior, and other architectural systems as they come together within a building project.
OBJECTIVE 1.6 (3-7%)OBJECTIVE 1.6 (3-7%)
Coordinate mechanical, electrical, plumbing, structural, and specialty systems and technologies (U/A)
You must identify and resolve conflicts between engineering systems (mechanical, electrical, plumbing, and structural)
and other specialty systems as they integrate into the project. This also includes coordinating engineering systems with
the architectural design to fulfill programmatic, system, and other project requirements.
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SECTION 2
PDD
Construction Documentation
In this section, you’ll focus on project documentation necessary to assemble a set of drawings and update these
drawings over the course of a project.
OBJECTIVE 2.1 (7-11%)OBJECTIVE 2.1 (7-11%)
Determine appropriate documentation of building design (A/E)
Architects must identify a drawing and documentation approach based on project complexity, materials and assemblies,
delivery method, and other project or construction related requirements. Throughout project documentation, you must
know how to refine, update, and make adjustments to the drawings to align with new or changing project requirements.
Documentation must also indicate final selections of building materials, assemblies, and finishes.
OBJECTIVE 2.2 (2-6%) OBJECTIVE 2.2 (2-6%)
Determine appropriate documentation of site features (A/E)
Architects must also coordinate with civil engineers, landscape architects, and other consultants to verify the
documentation of site drainage, utilities, pedestrian and vehicular circulation paths, parking, grading, and other site
features and structures, including those related to environmental sustainability and resilience. It is critical to ensure site
documentation is coordinated with all project disciplines.
OBJECTIVE 2.3 (8-12%) OBJECTIVE 2.3 (8-12%)
Determine appropriate documentation of detailed building drawings within individual architectural
systems (A/E)
You will need to resolve, detail, and document individual architectural systems such as partition types, expansion joints,
windows, doors, louvers, stairs, and other systems based on constructability, environmental, programmatic, and other
building requirements.
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CONTINUED
OBJECTIVE 2.4 (5-9%)OBJECTIVE 2.4 (5-9%)
Apply standards required to assemble a set of clear and coordinated construction documentation (U/A)
As an architect, you will also need to determine the necessary drawings required to communicate an architectural design
based on the project delivery method. This requires assembling these drawings into a clear set of construction documents
and ensuring the quality of the documentation meets the appropriate standard of care.
OBJECTIVE 2.5 (3-7%)OBJECTIVE 2.5 (3-7%)
Determine impact of project changes on documentation requirements and methods to communicate those
changes to owner and design team (U/A)
Architects must incorporate value engineering, changes in scope, and owner or project team comments into the drawing
set, and determine the impact of these changes on the project delivery method and schedule. You will also need to
recognize when changes in scope or owner/project team comments require the architect to perform additional services.
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SECTION 3
PDD
Project Manual & Specifications
In this section, you’ll focus on the development of documentation beyond construction drawings—the project
manual and specifications.
OBJECTIVE 3.1 (1-5%)OBJECTIVE 3.1 (1-5%)
Identify and prioritize components required to write, maintain, and refine project manual (U/A)
You will need to be able to determine and assemble the content of a project manual, including the general conditions;
instructions for procurement, bidding, and contracting; and project specific requirements. This also requires the
identification and preparation of any additional exhibits or special conditions required for project execution.
OBJECTIVE 3.2 (6-10%) OBJECTIVE 3.2 (6-10%)
Identify and prioritize components required to write, maintain, and refine project specifications (U/A)
You will need to determine the appropriate type of specifications to be used for a project, and you will need to identify
which divisions are necessary based on project requirements. You will also need to analyze, select, and specify materials
within a project in order to meet project requirements, testing protocols during construction, and common industry
standards for materials and methods.
OBJECTIVE 3.3 (2-6%) OBJECTIVE 3.3 (2-6%)
Coordinate specifications with construction documentation (U/A)
You must also coordinate the specifications with information found on the architectural construction drawings and
consultant documents. This includes all materials, assemblies, hardware, methods, and other identified information.
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SECTION 4
PDD
Codes & Regulations
Codes and regulations appear in several divisions, but in this division, you’ll look at codes and regulations at a
detail level and determine how they pertain to project documentation.
OBJECTIVE 4.1 (4-8%)OBJECTIVE 4.1 (4-8%)
Determine adherence to building regulatory requirements (IBC) at detail level (U/A)
It is critical to be able to apply the International Building Code to the design and documentation of a project, including
means of egress, fire and smoke protection, material and assembly requirements, and the ways in which changes to
occupancy, floor size, or other details can impact code requirements.
OBJECTIVE 4.2 (3-7%) OBJECTIVE 4.2 (3-7%)
Determine adherence with specialty regulatory requirements at the detail level (U/A)
It is also important to be able to apply specialty regulations to the design and documentation of a project. This includes
accessibility requirements, energy codes, standards for historic preservation, Fair Housing, environmental regulations, and
other local or site specific regulations.
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SECTION 5
PDD
Construction Cost Estimates
In this last section, you’ll consider the construction cost of a project by analyzing an estimate. This section
contains only one objective and is the smallest section in the division.
OBJECTIVE 5.1 (2-8%)OBJECTIVE 5.1 (2-8%)
Analyze construction cost estimates to confirm alignment with project design (A/E)
As an architect, you will need to compare and modify a construction cost estimate based on the development of a
project, including value engineering, substitution of materials, and alignment with the project documentation and
requirements. You will need to utilize appropriate estimating techniques based on the project type, phase, delivery
method, or other requirements.
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Construction & Evaluation
(
CE
)
This division will assess objectives related to construction contract administration and post-occupancy evaluation
of projects. The division will focus on issues related to bidding and negotiation processes, support of the
construction process, and evaluation of completed projects. Candidates must demonstrate an understanding
of and abilities in construction contract execution, construction support services (including construction
observation and shop drawing or submittal review), payment request processing, and project closeout. In
addition, candidates must also demonstrate an understanding and abilities in project evaluation of integrated
building systems and their performance.
SECTION 1: Preconstruction Activities
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 107
SECTION 2: Construction Observation .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 108
SECTION 3: Administrative Procedures & Protocols ........................................................................................................................................................................... 109
SECTION 4: Project Closeout & Evaluation .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 110
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Construction & Evaluation
DIVISION DETAILSDIVISION DETAILS
TOTAL
ITEMS
SCORED
ITEMS
PRETEST
ITEMS
NUMBER
OF CASE
STUDIES
NUMBER OF CASE
STUDY ITEMS
TEST
DURATION
OPTIONAL
BREAK
DURATION
TOTAL
APPOINTMENT
DURATION*
75 68 7 2 12-16 3 hr 30 min
3 hr
40 min
*Appointments allow for introductory screens, optional break time, and closing screens. Pretest items don't count toward or against your final score.
This division will test a candidate’s ability to protect the public’s health, safety, and welfare by:
• Delivering professional services during project construction
• Translating construction documents and specifications to communicate and bring clarity to design intent
• Coordinating construction activities to meet design intent
• Evaluating completed projects
The 75 items will assess you on four sections related to Construction & Evaluation. The number of items from
each section will vary based on the targeted percentage of items within each section.
SECTION DETAILSSECTION DETAILS
SECTIONS
EXPECTED
NUMBER
OF ITEMS
TARGET
PERCENTAGE*
SECTION 1: Preconstruction Activities
13-17
17-23%
SECTION 2: Construction Observation
24-29
32-38%
SECTION 3: Administrative Procedures
& Protocols
24-29
32-38%
SECTION 4: Project Closeout & Evaluation
5-10
7-13%
*The percentages shown for each section and objective represent a typical form of this division. The specific form you may experience may vary slightly as
adjustments are made from form to form to balance factors such as overall form level of diculty and average time to answer the assembled items.
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SECTION 1
CE
Preconstruction Activities
In this section, you’ll focus on the construction planning and activities that occur prior to the start of construction.
OBJECTIVE 1.1 (8-12%)OBJECTIVE 1.1 (8-12%)
Interpret the architect’s roles and responsibilities during preconstruction based on delivery method (U/A)
Understanding the key elements of bidding is an important aspect of preconstruction activities. This includes the required
bidding documents, typical procedures for distributing documents and the pre-bid meeting, prequalification of bidders,
selection of the contractor, and applicable standard AIA documents. The architect’s responsibilities for each of these may
vary depending on the project delivery type.
OBJECTIVE 1.2 (3-7%) OBJECTIVE 1.2 (3-7%)
Analyze criteria for selecting contractors (A/E)
You will need to be able to establish the criteria for reviewing contractors’ bids, including accuracy and completeness. Based
on these criteria, you will then need to evaluate contractors’ bids and compare contractors’ qualifications to each other.
OBJECTIVE 1.3 (3-7%) OBJECTIVE 1.3 (3-7%)
Analyze aspects of the contract or design to adjust project costs (A/E)
You must evaluate and prioritize opportunities to reduce the project cost, scope, quality, or schedule. This will include
consideration of the contractual implications of the changes, sustainability and life cycle cost goals, and the impact on
project design and overall budget.
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SECTION 2
CE
Construction Observation
This section addresses visiting the job site throughout the course of construction and the architect’s roles
and responsibilities.
OBJECTIVE 2.1 (13-17%)OBJECTIVE 2.1 (13-17%)
Evaluate the architect’s role during construction activities (A/E)
This objective assesses the architect’s responsibilities to the owner during construction site visits and subsequent
documentation, including site observations and action items for project team members. You must recognize the
contractor’s responsibilities to the architect, including change orders, applications for payments, shop drawings and other
submittals, and the appropriate level of detail required for the schedule of values, based on project size, scope, phasing
requirements, and schedule. You must also know the dierence between the architect’s design intent and the contractor’s
means and methods. Finally, you must identify the appropriate limits and extent of the architect's authority and actions
during construction.
OBJECTIVE 2.2 (13-17%) OBJECTIVE 2.2 (13-17%)
Evaluate construction conformance with contract documents, codes, regulations, and sustainability
requirements (A/E)
You will need to be able to analyze the contractor’s completed work against the project requirements and identify
non-conforming construction on site. This may also require evaluating the impacts of unforeseen conditions and
material substitutions against code, quality, and program requirements. You will need to coordinate your evaluations of
construction conformance with that of your consultants and the owner's consultants.
OBJECTIVE 2.3 (3-7%) OBJECTIVE 2.3 (3-7%)
Determine construction progress (U/A)
Construction observation also requires the review of work in place against the contractor’s construction schedule and
schedule of values, and understanding the impact of delays along the critical path.
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SECTION 3
CE
Administrative
Procedures & Protocols
The previous section is about the onsite responsibilities of an architect. This section is about the
documentation necessary to the construction process. Clear written communication is an essential aspect of
the construction process.
OBJECTIVE 3.1 (8-12%)OBJECTIVE 3.1 (8-12%)
Determine appropriate additional information to supplement contract documents (U/A)
As an architect, you will need to evaluate contractor requests for additional information and determine if a request,
unexpected disruption, or other situation requires a change in the construction contract. You will need to determine the
appropriate documents for communicating requested information and design revisions due to a scope change, schedule
delay, or unforeseen condition.
OBJECTIVE 3.2 (8-12%)OBJECTIVE 3.2 (8-12%)
Evaluate submittals including shop drawings, samples, mock-ups, product data, and test results (A/E)
Architects must assess the contractor’s understanding of the project scope by reviewing the contractor's submittals
against the contract documents. They also must determine appropriate responses to the contractor and evaluate
requests for substitutions.
OBJECTIVE 3.3 (3-7%)OBJECTIVE 3.3 (3-7%)
Evaluate the contractor’s application for payment (A/E)
Reviewing the contractor’s application for payment against the completed work is a critical component of the
construction process. This is done based on observations during construction site visits and a concurrent review of the
contractor's schedule of values and approved change orders. You will also need to evaluate methods of retainage and
their application throughout the project.
OBJECTIVE 3.4 (8-12%)OBJECTIVE 3.4 (8-12%)
Evaluate responses to non-conformance with contract documents (A/E)
After non-conforming work is identified during site observations, you must be able to determine the source of the non-
conformance; analyze the cost, schedule, and design implications; evaluate possible resolutions of the non-conformance;
and communicate the selected solution to the team. These steps will need to be taken in coordination with your
consultants and the owner's consultants.
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SECTION 4
CE
Project Closeout & Evaluation
In this section, you’ll focus on post-construction activities. This is the smallest section of the division but covers
several important aspects of completing a project.
OBJECTIVE 4.1 (3-7%)OBJECTIVE 4.1 (3-7%)
Apply procedural concepts to complete close-out activities (U/A)
As an architect, you will need to be familiar with project close-out documents, which may include warranties, record
drawings, a punch list, and a final application for payment, submitted by the contractor. You will also need to review
the contractor's completed work and make determinations regarding substantial completion and final completion of a
project, understanding the implications of each process.
OBJECTIVE 4.2 (3-7%)OBJECTIVE 4.2 (3-7%)
Evaluate building design and performance (A/E)
You will need to assess a building's performance during its first year of use, with tools such as user surveys and building
commissioning, which may include sustainability rating systems. It's critical that you then determine a response to
identified building performance issues.
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STUDY RESOURCESSTUDY RESOURCES
NCARB oers many resources you can use to prepare for ARE 5.0. In this section, you will find links to some of those
resources, as well as lists of common terms, formulas, and abbreviations found on the ARE. You will also find the ARE
5.0 Reference Matrix, which contains a list of recognized architectural references that item authors use to write the
items you’ll see on the exam.
ARE 5.0 Reference Matrix
The ARE 5.0 Reference Matrix lists over 40 dierent architectural references used to author ARE items. Next to each
of these references, you will be able to see which ARE divisions contain items that commonly cite material from a
given reference.
You do not need to memorize facts and figures from the references on the matrix. Instead, focus on understanding
the concepts and best practices in the references. Remember, the ARE is designed to assess competence by
requiring you to understand, apply, analyze, or evaluate scenarios encountered in real-world architectural practice.
ARE 5.0 does not test your ability to recall memorized information.
Keep in mind, the information presented in items on the exam will often look very dierent from the way
information is presented in the reference. In other words, simply reading the references will not guarantee you
a passing score on an ARE division. However, if you’re familiar with the material in the references below and
understand the concepts and best practices they explore, you will have many of the tools needed to solve the
real-world problems you will encounter in ARE items.
READING THE MATRIX
NCARB does not recommend you study all references listed on the ARE 5.0 Reference Matrix before each exam
division. Instead, study the references that are commonly cited as a source for items on the division for which you
are preparing.
You can determine if the reference is commonly cited as a source for items in a given division by looking at the
rows on the matrix. The very first document in the reference matrix, for instance, is the 2010 ADA Standards for
Accessible Design. The matrix indicates that this reference is commonly cited as a source for PA, PPD, PDD, and CE
items, so NCARB recommends you study it before taking those divisions.
OTHER STUDY RESOURCES
The ARE 5.0 Reference Matrix is not a comprehensive list. Not all items cite the references listed below, although
the majority of items do. You are strongly encouraged to consult these references when studying. You should
supplement your use of the references below with the use of other NCARB-provided resources, especially the ARE
5.0 Practice Exams and the list of sections contained within the ARE 5.0 Exam Content section of this document.
STUDY RESOURCES
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ARE 5.0 Reference Matrix
The ARE 5.0 Reference Matrix provides a list of materials and publications frequently used in the development of
items for each division of ARE 5.0. Pay close attention to the references marked with a star. Of all the frequently
cited references in the ARE 5.0 Reference Matrix, these references are the most frequently cited.
REFERENCE PcM PjM PA PPD PDD CE
2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design
U.S. Department of Justice, 2010
2020 Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct
AIA Oce of General Counsel
The American Institute of Architects, 2020
The Architect’s Handbook of Professional Practice
The American Institute of Architects
John Wiley & Sons, 14th edition (2008) and 15th
edition (2014)
The Architect's Studio Companion: Rules of Thumb
for Preliminary Design
Edward Allen and Joseph Iano
John Wiley & Sons, 6th edition, 2017
Architectural Graphic Standards
The American Institute of Architects
John Wiley & Sons, 11th edition (2007) and
12th edition (2016)
Building Code Essentials (2018)
International Code Council, 2018
Building Codes Illustrated:
A Guide to Understanding the 2018
International Building Code
Francis D.K. Ching and Steven R. Winkel, FAIA, PE, CASp
John Wiley & Sons, 2018
Building Construction Illustrated
Francis D.K. Ching
John Wiley & Sons, 6th edition, 2020
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ARE 5.0 Reference Matrix
REFERENCE PcM PjM PA PPD PDD CE
Building Structures
James Ambrose and Patrick Tripeny
John Wiley & Sons, 3rd edition, 2011
CSI MasterFormat
The Construction Specifications Institute
2018 edition
Dictionary of Architecture and Construction
Cyril M. Harris
McGraw-Hill, 4th edition, 2006
Fundamentals of Building Construction:
Materials and Methods
Edward Allen and Joseph Iano
John Wiley & Sons, 6th edition (2013) and
7th edition (2019)
Green Building Illustrated
Francis D.K. Ching and Ian M. Shapiro Wiley, 2014
The Green Studio Handbook:
Environmental Strategies for Schematic Design
Alison G. Kwok and Walter Grondzik
Routledge, 3rd edition, 2018
Heating, Cooling, Lighting: Sustainable Design
Strategies Towards Net Zero Architecture
Norbert Lechner and Patricia Andrasik
John Wiley & Sons, 5th edition, 2021
ICC A117.1-2009 Accessible and Usable Buildings
and Facilities
International Code Council, 2010
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ARE 5.0 Reference Matrix
REFERENCE PcM PjM PA PPD PDD CE
International Building Code (2018)
International Code Council, 2017
International Building Code Study Companion (2018)
International Code Council, 2018
Law for Architects: What You Need to Know
Robert F. Herrmann and the Attorneys at Menaker
& Herrmann LLP
W. W. Norton, 2012
Mechanical & Electrical Equipment for Buildings
Walter T. Grondzik and Alison G. Kwok
John Wiley & Sons, 12th edition (2014) and
13th edition (2019)
Model Rules of Conduct
National Council of Architectural Registration Boards
2018-2019
Olin’s Construction Principles, Materials,
and Methods
H. Leslie Simmons
John Wiley & Sons, 9th edition, 2011
Problem Seeking: An Architectural
Programming Primer
William M. Peña and Steven A. Parshall
John Wiley & Sons, 5th edition, 2012
Professional Practice:
A Guide to Turning Designs into Buildings
Paul Segal, FAIA
W. W. Norton, 2006
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ARE 5.0 Reference Matrix
REFERENCE PcM PjM PA PPD PDD CE
The Project Resource Manual: CSI Manual of Practice
The Construction Specifications Institute
McGraw-Hill, 5th edition, 2005
Or
CSI Practice Guides (Project Delivery, Construction
Contract Administration, Construction Specifications)
The Construction Specifications Institute
Simplified Engineering for Architects and Builders
James Ambrose and Patrick Tripeny
John Wiley & Sons, 12th edition, 2016
Site Planning and Design Handbook
Thomas H. Russ
McGraw-Hill, 2nd edition, 2009
Steel Construction Manual
American Institute of Steel Construction
14th edition, 2011
Structural Design: A Practical Guide for Architects
James R. Underwood and Michele Chiuini
John Wiley & Sons, 2nd edition, 2007
Structures
Daniel Schodek and Martin Bechthold
Pearson, 7th edition, 2013
Sun, Wind, and Light: Architectural Design Strategies
G.Z. Brown and Mark DeKay
John Wiley & Sons, 3rd edition, 2013
Sustainable Construction:
Green Building Design and Delivery
Charles J. Kibert
John Wiley & Sons, 4th edition, 2016
A Visual Dictionary of Architecture
Francis D.K. Ching
John Wiley & Sons, 2nd edition, 2011
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ARE 5.0 Reference Matrix
The following list of AIA Contract Documents have content covered in the various divisions of ARE 5.0. Candidates
can access sample AIA Contract Documents for free through their NCARB Record.
DOCUMENT PcM PjM PA PPD PDD CE
A101-2017, Standard Form of Agreement Between
Owner and Contractor where the basis of payment is
a Stipulated Sum
A133-2019, Standard Form of Agreement Between
Owner and Construction Manager as Constructor
where the basis of payment is the Cost of the Work
Plus a Fee with a Guaranteed Maximum Price
A141-2014, Standard Form of Agreement Between
Owner and Design-Builder
A195-2008, Standard Form of Agreement Between
Owner and Contractor for Integrated Project Delivery
A201-2017, General Conditions of the Contract
for Construction
A295-2008, General Conditions of the Contract for
Integrated Project Delivery
A701-2018, Instructions to Bidders
B101-2017, Standard Form of Agreement Between
Owner and Architect
B143-2014, Standard Form of Agreement Between
Design-Builder and Architect
B195-2008, Standard Form of Agreement Between
Owner and Architect for Integrated Project Delivery
C401-2017, Standard Form of Agreement Between
Architect and Consultant
G701-2017, Change Order
G702-1992, Application and Certificate for Payment
G703-1992, Continuation Sheet
G704-2017, Certificate of Substantial Completion
G709-018, Proposal Request
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ARE 5.0 Practice Exams
NCARB oers simulations of full-length ARE 5.0 divisions through the ARE 5.0 Practice Exams. There are seven exams,
all of which are available at no cost to licensure candidates. ARE 5.0 Practice Exams feature the same exam format
and tools as an actual ARE division and were developed using the same process and guidelines.
EXAM CONTENT
The seven ARE 5.0 Practice Exams include six divisional practice exams and one multidivisional practice exam. There
is one ARE 5.0 Practice Exam for each of the six ARE 5.0 divisions, assembled using the same number of items and
tied to the same objectives as the actual versions of each division. You can take one of these exams to help prepare
for a particular division. The ARE 5.0 Multidivisional Practice Exam is made of 75 total items across all six divisions and
features two case studies. The ARE 5.0 Multidivisional Practice Exam is great for candidates who want to become
familiar with the exam’s delivery and understand a cross-section of the exam’s content.
HOW TO ACCESS
Licensure candidates can access the practice exams in an exam administration format, which allows you to
experience the exam just like the real thing. AXP supervisors/mentors and architect licensing advisors can access a
PDF version of the practice exams. Please read the information below to access the practice exams.
1) ARE candidates with active eligibilities: ARE candidates with active exam eligibilities can access the ARE
5.0 Practice Exams through the Practice Exam Dashboard. For access to the dashboard, log into your NCARB
Record, click the “Exams” tab, and navigate to the “Additional Resources” section of the page.
2) Licensure candidates without active eligibilities: Licensure candidates without active exam eligibilities can
access the ARE 5.0 Practice Exam through their NCARB Record. Navigate to the “Overview” tab and select
“Practice the ARE.”
3) AXP Supervisors and Mentors: Supervisors and mentors can only access the PDF version of the ARE 5.0
Practice Exams. The PDFs are available on NCARB’s website.
HOW TO USE
Though the ARE 5.0 Practice Exams are available in two formats—as an exam administration and as a PDF file—they
were designed for ARE candidates to replicate the delivery and content of an actual ARE exam administration. ARE
candidates are strongly encouraged to take advantage of the exam administration option.
There are two modes of administering the ARE 5.0 Practice Exams. If you want to test your grasp of ARE divisional
content while replicating many of the conditions of an actual exam appointment, you can take the practice exam
in test mode. If you want to linger over the exam tools and navigation and be provided with correct responses and
the rationales behind them, you can take each practice exam in practice mode. Both modes provide an examination
results page at the end of the exam, where you can find a record of the items you answered correctly or incorrectly,
a percentage breakdown of how you fared in each section, and a list of the correct responses and rationales for
every item on the exam. You can print these examination results for later study if you choose.
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The PDF form of the ARE 5.0 Practice Exams is recommended for AXP supervisors and mentors working with exam
candidates. The PDF will help them understand the content in an ARE division. The PDF includes every item, the
correct response, and item explanations that appear on each practice exam. Please note, for case study questions
in the practice exams, the case study resources are not reproduced for copyright and other reasons. Each case
study question identifies which case study resources should be used to properly answer the question. Any licensure
candidate can access the practice exam at no cost and show their supervisor or mentor the resources available
within each case study.
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Common Abbreviations
Below you will find a list of common abbreviations you may encounter while taking the ARE. Familiarize yourself
with each abbreviation before testing.
PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, SOCIETIES, AND AGENCIES
American Concrete Institute ACI
American Institute of Architects AIA
American Institute of Steel Construction AISC
American National Standards Institute ANSI
American Society for Testing and Materials ASTM
American Society of Civil Engineers ASCE
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers ASHRAE
American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME
American Society of Plumbing Engineers ASPE
Architectural Woodwork Institute AWI
Construction Specifications Institute CSI
Department of Housing and Urban Development HUD
Environmental Protection Agency EPA
Federal Emergency Management Agency FEMA
National Fire Protection Association NFPA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration OSHA
U.S. Green Building Council USGBC
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AIA CONTRACT DOCUMENTS
A101-2017, Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Contractor where the basis of payment is a
Stipulated Sum
A101
A133-2019, Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Construction Manager as Constructor where
the basis of payment is the Cost of the Work Plus a Fee with a Guaranteed Maximum Price
A133
A141-2014 Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Design-Builder A141
A195-2008, Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Contractor for Integrated Project Delivery A195
A201-2017, General Conditions of the Contract for Construction A201
A295-2008, General Conditions of the Contract for Integrated Project Delivery A295
A701-2018, Instructions to Bidders A701
B101-2017, Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect B101
B143-2014, Standard Form of Agreement Between Design-Builder and Architect B143
B195-2008, Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect for Integrated Project Delivery B195
C401-2017, Standard Form of Agreement Between Architect and Consultant C401
G701-2017, Change Order G701
G702-1992, Application and Certificate for Payment G702
G703-1992, Continuation Sheet G703
G704-2017, Certificate of Substantial Completion G704
G709-2018, Proposal Request G709
Common Abbreviations
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CODES AND REGULATIONS
ADA Standards for Accessible Design ADA
International Code Council ICC
International Building Code IBC
International Energy Conservation Code IECC
International Existing Building Code IEBC
International Mechanical Code IMC
International Plumbing Code IPC
International Residential Code IRC
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design LEED
National Electrical Code NEC
Common Abbreviations
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COMMONLY USED TERMS
Above Finished Floor AFF
Air Handling Unit AHU
Authority Having Jurisdiction AHJ
Building Information Modeling BIM
Concrete Masonry Unit CMU
Contract Administration CA
Construction Document CD
Dead Load DL
Design Development DD
Exterior Insulation and Finish System EIFS
Furniture, Furnishings & Equipment FF&E
Floor Area Ratio FAR
Guaranteed Maximum Price GMP
Heating, Ventilating, and Air
Conditioning
HVAC
Insulating Glass Unit IGU
Indoor Air Quality IAQ
Indoor Environmental Quality IEQ
Live Load LL
Material Safety Data Sheets MSDS
Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing MEP
Photovoltaic PV
Quality Assurance QA
Quality Control QC
Reflected Ceiling Plan RCP
Request for Information RFI
Request for Proposal RFP
Roof Top Unit RTU
Schematic Design SD
Variable Air Volume VAV
Volatile Organic Compound VOC
UNITS OF MEASURE
British Thermal Unit btu
Cubic Feet per Minute cfm
Cubic Feet per Second cfs
Cubic Foot
cu. ft.
ft
3
Cubic Inch
cu. in.
in
3
Cubic Yard
cu. yd.
yd
3
Decibel dB
Foot ft
Foot-candle fc
Gross Square Feet gsf
Impact Insulation Class IIC
Inch in
Net Square Feet nsf
Noise Reduction Coecient NRC
Pound lb
Pounds per Linear Foot plf
Pounds per Square Foot psf
Pounds per Square Inch psi
Sound Transmission Class STC
Square Foot
sq. ft.
sf
ft
2
Square Inch
sq. in.
in
2
Square Yard
sq. yd.
sy
yd
2
Common Abbreviations
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Formulas Available While Testing
The following is a list of formulas you may encounter while taking the ARE. Familiarize yourself with the use of each
formula before testing. If a formula is required to determine the correct response, it will be provided within the
item. You will find the necessary formula after the question under the “Reference Formula” subheading. All of the
formulas listed below will be provided to you during your exam administration.
f=
=
Mc
I
M
S
Flexural stress at extreme fiber
f=
My
I
Flexural stress at any fiber
v = =
V
A
V
dt
Average vertical shear
for beams and girdersfor beams and girders
v =
VQ
Ib
Horizontal shearing stress at any section A-A
where y = distance from neutral axis to fiberwhere y = distance from neutral axis to fiber
STRUCTURALSTRUCTURAL
where Q = statical moment about the neutral axis of the entire section of
that portion of the cross-section lying outside of section A-A
b = width at section A-A
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ELECTRICALELECTRICAL
Foot-candles =
lumens
area in ft
2
Foot-candles =
(lamp lumens) x (lamps per fixture) x (number of fixtures) x (CU) x (LLF)
area in ft
2
Number of luminaires =
(foot-candles) x (floor area)
(lumens) x (CU) x (LLF)
where CU = coecient of utilization
LLF = Light Loss Factor
DF
av
= 0.2
x
window area
floor area
for spaces with sidelighting or toplighting with vertical monitors
watt = volts
x
amperes x power factor
Demand charge = maximum power demand
x
demand tari
for AC circuits only
PLUMBINGPLUMBING
1 ps = 2.31 feet of water
1 cubic foot = 7.5 U.S. gallons
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HVACHVAC
BTU/h = (cfm)
x
(1.08) x (∆T)
1 ton of air conditioning = 12,000 BTU/h
1 kWh = 3,400 BTU/h
Heat required =
BTU/h
temperature dierential
x (24 hours) x (DD °F)
BTU/h = (U)
x
(A)
x
(T
d
)
U = 1/R
t
where T
d
is the dierence between indoor and outdoor temperatures
where o = total wall, w = window, and op = opaque wall
where DD = degree days
R = x/k
(U
w
x A
w
) + (U
op
x A
op
)
A
o
U
o
=
where o = total roof, R = roof, and S = skylight
where x = thickness of material in inches
U
o
=
(U
R
x A
R
) + (U
S
x A
S
)
A
o
BTU/year = peak heat loss x
full-load hours
year
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ACOUSTICSACOUSTICS
a = SAC
x
S
c
f
λ =
wherewhere
λλ = wavelength of sound (ft) = wavelength of sound (ft)
c = velocity of sound (fps)c = velocity of sound (fps)
f = frequency of sound (Hz)f = frequency of sound (Hz)
wherewhere
S = exposed surface area of the material (fS = exposed surface area of the material (ftt
22
) )
SAC = sound Absorption Coefficient of the materialSAC = sound Absorption Coefficient of the material
a = absorption of a material used in space (sabins)a = absorption of a material used in space (sabins)
A = ∑a
wherewhere
∑∑a = (Sa = (S
11
x SA x SACC
11
) + (S) + (S
22
x SAC x SAC
22
) + …) + …
A = total sound absorption of a room (sabins)A = total sound absorption of a room (sabins)
V
A
T = 0.05
x
wherewhere
V = volume of space (fV = volume of space (ftt
33
))
T = reverberation time (seconds)T = reverberation time (seconds)
NRC = average SAC for frequency bands 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz
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Structural Resources
Below you will find a list of structural resources and beam nomenclature you may encounter while taking the ARE.
Familiarize yourself with the resources and nomenclature before testing. If a resource is required to determine a
correct response, it will be provided within the item. You will find the necessary formula after the question under
the “Reference Formula” subheading. The structural resources and beam nomenclature will also be provided to you
during your exam administration.
Beam Diagrams and Formulas Source Pages
Simple Beam: Diagrams and Formulas - Conditions 1-3 A 3-213
Simple Beam: Diagrams and Formulas - Conditions 4-6 A 3-214
Simple Beam: Diagrams and Formulas - Conditions 7-9 A 3-215
Beam Fixed at Both Ends:
Diagrams and Formulas - Conditions 15-17
A 3-218
Beam Overhanging One Support:
Diagrams and Formulas - Conditions 24-28
A 3-221 & 222
SourcesSources
United States. American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc. Steel Construction Manual; 14th edition.
Chicago, Illinois, 2011.
A
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Structural Resources
Dimensions and Properties Source Pages
W Shapes 44 thru 27: Dimensions and Properties A 1-12 thru 17
W Shapes 24 thru W14x145: Dimensions and Properties A 1-18 thru 23
W Shapes 14x132 thru W4: Dimensions and Properties A 1-24 thru 29
C Shapes: Dimensions and Properties A 1-36 & 37
Angles: Properties A 1-42 thru 49
Rectangular HSS: Dimensions and Properties A 1-74 thru 91
Square HSS: Dimensions and Properties A 1-92 thru 95
Round HSS: Dimensions and Properties A 1-96 thru 100
Live Loads Source Pages
Table 1607.1 - Minimum Uniformly Distributed Live Loads and Minimum
Concentrated Live Loads
B 368-369
SourcesSources
United States. American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc. Steel Construction Manual; 14th edition.
Chicago, Illinois, 2011.
United States. International Code Council, Inc. 2018 International Building Code. Country Club Hills, Illinois, 2017.
A
B
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Typical Beam Nomenclature
E
Modulus of Elasticity of steel at 29,000 ksi
I
Moment of Inertia of beam, in
4
L
Total length of beam between reaction point, ft
M
max
Maximum moment, kip-in
M
1
Maximum moment in left section of beam, kip-in
M
2
Maximum moment in right section of beam,
kip-in
M
3
Maximum positive moment in beam with
combined end moment conditions, kip-in
M
x
Maximum at distance x from end of beam, kip-in
P
Concentrated load, kips
P
1
Concentrated load nearest left reaction, kips
P
2
Concentrated load nearest right reaction and of
dierent magnitude than P
1
, kips
R
End beam reaction for any condition of
symmetrical loading, kips
R
1
Left end beam reaction, kips
R
2
Right end or intermediate beam reaction, kips
R
3
Right end beam reaction, kips
V
Maximum vertical shear for any condition of
symmetrical loading, kips
V
1
Maximum vertical shear in left section of beam,
kips
V
2
Vertical shear at right reaction point, or to left
of intermediate reaction of beam, kips
V
3
Vertical shear at right reaction point, or to right
of intermediate reaction of beam, kips
V
x
Vertical shear at distance x from end of beam,
kips
W
Total load on beam, kips
a
Measured distance along beam, in
b
Measured distance along beam which may be
greater or less than a, in
l
Total length of beam between reaction points, in
w
Uniformly distributed load per unit of length,
kips/in
w
1
Uniformly distributed load per unit of length
nearest left reaction, kips/in
w
2
Uniformly distributed load per unit of length
nearest right reaction and of dierent magnitude
than w
1
, kips/in
x
Any distance measured along beam from left
reaction, in
x
1
Any distance measured along overhang section
of beam from nearest reaction point, in
Δ
max
Maximum deflection, in
Δ
a
Deflection at point of load, in
Δ
x
Deflection at point x distance from left reaction,
in
Δ
x1
Deflection of overhang section of beam at any
distance from nearest reaction point, in
Excerpted fromExcerpted from
United States. American Institute of Steel
Construction, Inc. Steel Construction Manual;
14th edition. Chicago, Illinois, 2011.
A
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Additional Helpful Resources
NCARB has many other resources that can help you prepare for the ARE. You’ll want to check the NCARB Blog and
ncarb.org for the latest testing information in addition to the following resources:
ARE 5.0 COMMUNITY
The ARE 5.0 Community is an online forum where you can post your questions to get help from NCARB and third-
party experts, as well as from other candidates. It’s also a great place to form study groups, post comments, and
engage in dialogue with other candidates who are on the path to licensure.
ARE 5.0 VIDEO SERIES
NCARB oers a collection of videos to help you prepare for ARE 5.0, including the ARE 5.0 Division Video series,
which oers exclusive insight into each ARE 5.0 division with information on content, sample questions, and
suggested references. Watch each one to learn more about a division.
You can explore several tips and techniques to help you navigate and take a division of ARE 5.0 in the ARE 5.0 Exam
Strategies Video. This video includes pointers on item types, scoring, case study navigation, and the use of case
study resources.
There’s also an ARE 5.0 Exam Navigation Video where an NCARB expert will walk you through the exam’s navigation
tools and format. Watch to learn more about accepting the Candidate Agreement, using the tools available to you,
marking and reviewing items, and exiting the exam when you’re finished.
THE APPROVED TEST PREP PROVIDER PROGRAM
In 2018, NCARB launched the Approved Test Prep Provider Program to review and approve study materials from
third-party test prep providers. With the recent launch of our free ARE practice exams, NCARB is refocusing our
candidate support toward in-house development of resources and study materials. In order to provide proactive
and eective guidance to test prep providers, the Approved Test Prep Provider Program was discontinued eective
July 1, 2022.
All materials approved by NCARB while the Approved Test Prep Provider Program was in operation retain their
approved status through December 31, 2022. NCARB cannot guarantee that the study materials approved through
this program will ensure that you pass any ARE divisions. See a list of approved test prep providers.
ARE 5.0 GUIDELINES | SEPTEMBER 2022
131
APPENDICESAPPENDICES
ARE CANDIDATE AGREEMENT
(Amended January 2019)
I arm that the information given in my NCARB Record is true, correct, and complete to the best of my knowledge. By clicking
“I Accept,” I agree to abide by the following terms and am entering into a binding agreement (“Agreement”) between me and the
National Council of Architectural Registration Boards (NCARB).
• I have READ, UNDERSTAND, and AGREE to ABIDE BY the Architect Registration Examination® (ARE®) policies and regulations
as set forth in the ARE Guidelines (“ARE Policies and Regulations”). Further, I ACKNOWLEDGE and AGREE that NCARB reserves
the right to modify or alter at any time any rules, policies or procedures set forth in the ARE Policies and Regulations, which
revisions or modifications shall be binding upon me.
• I UNDERSTAND that disciplinary action for violation of this Agreement and/or the ARE Policies and Regulations may include,
without limitation, suspension of my ARE test taking privileges, cancellation of my ARE scores, and/or my potential inability to
obtain future NCARB Certification or to become registered as an architect.
• I AGREE that I will always conduct myself professionally and civilly while at the testing center, I will follow instruction given by
the test center sta, and I will act in an honest and reasonable manner.
• I UNDERSTAND that all content of the ARE is confidential, the property of NCARB, and protected by US copyright laws.
• I AGREE that I will not copy or attempt to reproduce ARE content for my own later use.
• I AGREE that I will not disclose to anyone by any means – electronic, written, graphic or verbal – the substance or details of
any ARE content, including but not limited to exhibits, resources, graphics and/or alleged answers.
• I AGREE that I have not obtained, nor will I seek to obtain, ARE content disclosed by others.
• I AGREE to notify NCARB if I believe I have received exam content by any means of communication.
• I AGREE that I will not disclose or disseminate ARE content that others may have disclosed to me.
• I AGREE that any action to enforce this Agreement, the ARE Policies and Regulations, and/or any action for infringement of
NCARB’s copyright of the ARE may be commenced in or transferred to the United States District Court (or other court of
competent jurisdiction) where NCARB’s principal oce is located, which currently is the District of Columbia, and I hereby
consent to the personal jurisdiction of such court. Further, I AGREE that the validity, interpretation and performance of this
Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the District of Columbia.
• I UNDERSTAND that a violation of this Agreement or the ARE Policies and Regulations may result in my civil liability to NCARB
for its costs and monetary damages, which may be substantial, as well as disciplinary actions taken against me by NCARB.
• I UNDERSTAND that a violation of this Agreement or the ARE Policies and Regulations may result in notification to the
registration Board responsible for my examination eligibilities, which may lead to further disciplinary action by such Board.
I HEREBY RELEASE, DISCHARGE AND HOLD HARMLESS INDIVIDUALLY AND COLLECTIVELY NCARB AND ITS OFFICERS,
DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES, MEMBERS, VOLUNTEERS, SUBSIDIARIES, AGENTS, SUCCESSORS, AND ASSIGNS, INCLUDING MEMBERS,
EMPLOYEES, AND AGENTS OF NCARB, FROM ANY AND ALL CLAIMS OR LIABILITY THAT MAY ARISE, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY,
NOW OR IN THE FUTURE, BY REASON OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH ANY DECISION, ACTION, OR OMISSION RELATING TO
NCARB’S ADMINISTRATION OF THE ARE.
Appendix A
APPENDICES
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PSI ONLINE PROCTORING CANDIDATE PRIVACY AGREEMENT
For a period of time, PSI’s online proctoring platform (“Bridge”) will access your computer’s camera,
microphone, and browser in order to collect video and audio recordings from the start of your exam check-
in process until your proctoring session ends. Video recordings may include yourself, your desk, and your
workspace. Recording and monitoring is necessary in order to uphold the integrity of the online proctoring
process and maintain security of licensure exam content.
The information recorded will not be sold but may be made available, upon request, to NCARB authorized
personnel, who may use this information to assess the integrity of the exam, including invalidating exam
results or imposing other sanctions when fraud is suspected. Recordings will be retained in secure storage for
a period of 30 days or longer as required by law.
To learn more about what information is collected; the purpose of data collection; disclosure, security,
and retention procedures; and your legal rights, refer to the full PSI Privacy Policy, which can be found at
https://www.psionline.com/legal/privacy-policy/.
In order to schedule your test, you must acknowledge, agree, and consent to all of the following:
• You will be audio and video recorded throughout your examination experience.
• You will be monitored in real-time by PSI’s proctoring application and a live proctor throughout your
examination experience.
• You will not have a right to privacy or a right to claim a violation of privacy throughout your examination
experience.
I arm that I am at least 18 years of age, and that I am able to consent to the collection
and processing of my personal data.
I acknowledge, agree, and consent to all of the foregoing.
Appendix B
APPENDICES
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133
1
Policy for the ARE: Exam Candidate Conduct
(Amended September 2020)
The following policy has been established by NCARB’s Board of Directors to provide procedures in the
event of exam candidate misconduct while preparing for, taking or after taking the Architect
Registration Examination® (ARE®). Exam candidate misconduct includes, but is not limited to, the
particular violations described below; any other violation of ARE test regulations; and any other
misconduct, inappropriate behavior, or breach of examination security. The Board anticipates that these
procedures will be applicable to most exam candidate misconduct. Nevertheless, the Board reserves the
right to impose any sanction it believes appropriate, either more or less than those noted below. Action
taken by the NCARB Board of Directors is final and non-appealable. In addition, if the individual
subsequently seeks NCARB certification, the matter will be considered in deciding whether to grant
NCARB certification.
The ARE is copyrighted and each candidate enters into the ARE Candidate Agreement by requesting
eligibility to test affirming, among other things, not to copy or disclose any ARE questions or their
content. Copying or disclosing test questions or any other examination content is a violation of
NCARB’s copyright and the ARE Candidate Agreement. In addition to the sanctions described below,
where warranted, NCARB may pursue all legal remedies available to recover monetary damages
caused by such conduct and to enjoin violations of its rights with respect to the ARE.
Upon discovery of any exam candidate misconduct in any category below, NCARB shall have the
authority to place a “hold” on pending scores and all open exam eligibilities to test and cancel any
scheduled exam(s) pending further investigation, review by NCARB’s Professional Conduct Committee
(PCC), and action by NCARB’s Board of Directors if applicable. If no action is taken or only a warning
letter is issued, NCARB will reopen any closed eligibilities to test and assist the candidate in rescheduling
the canceled exam(s) at no additional cost to the candidate.
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Procedures for Exam Candidate Misconduct
Category 1: Seeking or Failing to Report Disclosed ARE Content
Simply put: A candidate may not attempt to gain access to ARE content disclosed by others. If a
candidate is unwillingly exposed to exam content by others, the candidate shall report the incident
to NCARB.
A candidate may not willfully obtain or seek to obtain ARE test questions, ARE exhibits, or ARE resources
disclosed by others. If a candidate unwillingly receives or discovers exam content disclosed by others,
the candidate must report the disclosed content to NCARB.
The consequences may be any or all the following:
Initial NCARB Action:
• Issue warning letter to candidate and send copy to candidate’s board, and/or
• Forward to PCC for review.
o Send candidate notification of PCC review and permit 30 days for response by candidate.
o Send copy of PCC notification to candidate’s board.
NCARB PCC Action:
• Following review, recommend any or all the following:
o Issue warning letter to candidate and send copy to candidate’s board.
o Recommend action to NCARB’s Board of Directors including any or all the following:
Cancellation of score(s) for the division(s) which content was sought or obtained for and
any subsequent division(s) taken.
Suspension of test authorization for all divisions for up to 5 years from date attempting
to gain ARE content, or date of receipt of ARE content, or such longer period as may be
warranted.
Prohibit granting of an NCARB Certificate for up to 3 years from date of initial
registration, or such longer period as may be warranted.
Any other sanction permitted under the PCC Rules of Procedure.
NCARB Board of Directors Action:
• Review and act upon final decision.
• Notification of action taken will be forwarded to the candidate and the candidate’s board.
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Category 2: Inappropriate Conduct
Simply put: Candidates are always required to conduct themselves professionally and civilly throughout
the examination process.
Candidates shall not engage in any behavior, written, verbal or physical, that may be considered
inappropriate, abusive, disruptive, threatening, discriminatory, prejudicial or harassing in nature.
Candidates must conduct themselves professionally and civilly during any test appointment, while
engaging with NCARB, any NCARB member jurisdiction, and/or any vendor working on behalf of
NCARB. Candidates are required to follow instruction given by test administration staff.
The consequences may be any or all the following:
Test Administrator Action:
• Immediate dismissal from the test appointment.
• Banning the candidate from use of that test center or online proctoring for any and all future
examination appointments.
Initial NCARB Action:
• Issue warning letter to candidate and send copy to candidate’s board, and/or
• Forward to PCC for review.
o Send candidate notification of PCC review and permit 30 days for response by candidate.
o Send copy of PCC notification to candidate’s board.
NCARB PCC Action:
• Following review, PCC may recommend any or all the following:
o Issue warning letter to candidate and send copy to candidate’s board.
o Recommend action to NCARB’s Board of Directors including any or all the following:
Cancellation of score for the division.
Suspension of test taking authorization for all divisions for up to 5 years from date of
inappropriate conduct or such longer period as may be warranted.
Any other sanction permitted under the PCC Rules of Procedure.
NCARB Board of Directors Action:
• Review and act upon final decision.
• Notification of action taken will be forwarded to the candidate and the candidate’s board.
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Category 3: Unauthorized Access to Devices or Materials in the Testing Room.
Simply put: Only authorized electronic devices and other approved materials are allowed in the testing
room at any time during the administration.
Unapproved electronic devices or any other unapproved materials may not be accessed in the testing
room at any time during the exam administration. Access to approved accommodated testing devices
is allowed. Candidates must allow the proctor to inspect accommodated testing devices.
The consequences may be any or all the following:
Test Administrator Action:
• Inspect and/or confiscate inappropriate materials and /or devices accessed.
• Immediate dismissal from the test appointment.
• Confiscation of unauthorized devices or materials by the test center staff.
Initial NCARB Action:
• Issue warning letter to candidate and send copy to candidate’s board, and/or
• Forward to PCC for review.
o Send candidate notification of PCC review and permit 30 days for response by candidate.
o Send copy of PCC notification to candidate’s board.
NCARB PCC Action:
• Following review, PCC may recommend any or all the following:
o Issue warning letter to candidate and send copy to candidate’s board.
o Recommend action to NCARB’s Board of Directors including any or all the following:
Cancellation of score for the division.
Suspension of test taking authorization for all divisions for up to 5 years from date of
test administration.
Any other sanction permitted under the PCC Rules of Procedure.
NCARB Board of Directors Action:
• Review and act upon final decision.
• Notification of action taken will be forwarded to the candidate and the candidate’s board.
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Category 4: Copying, Recording or Disseminating ARE Content
Simply put: Candidates may not attempt to reproduce, record or share the content of any ARE question,
ARE exhibit, or ARE resource viewed during their exam appointment, whether through electronic or other
means. If someone else discloses what they saw on the ARE, candidates may not forward, re-post, or
otherwise disclose that information.
It is prohibited to record or transcribe ARE content, either from memory, electronic or other means,
regardless of whether such ARE content is subsequently disclosed. It is further prohibited to forward, re-
post, or otherwise disclose any ARE Content that others may have disclosed. It is also prohibited for test-
takers to attempt to remove ARE content from the testing room, whether by notes in any form from the
testing room, or by use of devices (including without limitation cameras, audio recorders, or scanning or
digital storage devices) to record or transmit test content at or from the testing room, or by any other
means of data recording or information transmission.
The consequences may be any or all the following:
Test Administrator Action:
• Inspect and/or confiscate inappropriate materials and/or devices accessed.
• Immediate dismissal from the test appointment.
Initial NCARB Action:
• Issue warning letter to candidate and send copy to candidate’s board, and/or
• Forward to PCC for review.
o Send candidate notification of PCC review and permit 30 days for response by candidate.
o Send copy of PCC notification to candidate’s board.
NCARB PCC Action:
• Following review, recommend any or all the following:
o Issue warning letter to candidate and send copy to candidate’s board.
o Recommend action to NCARB’s Board of Directors including any or all the following:
Cancellation of score(s) for the division(s) from which content was copied or
disseminated and any subsequent division(s) taken.
Suspension of test authorization for all divisions for a minimum of 3 years and up to 5
years from date of test administration, or such longer period as may be warranted.
Prohibit granting of an NCARB Certificate for a minimum of 1 year and up to 3 years
from date of initial registration, or such longer period as may be warranted.
Any other sanction permitted under the PCC Rules of Procedure.
NCARB Board of Directors Action:
• Review and act upon final decision.
• Notification of action taken will be forwarded to the candidate and the candidate’s board.
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Category 5: Attempting to Disrupt or Gain Unauthorized Access to the ARE
Simply put: Candidates may not attempt to disrupt the delivery of or illegally access an administration of
the ARE, ARE content, or ARE results using electronic means of any sort.
It is prohibited to attempt to obtain ARE information from a computer through unauthorized access;
trafficking in a computer password that can be used to access a computer; transmitting spam; and/or
damaging computer data by any means, including a candidate’s own ARE administration or the ARE
administration of any other candidate, whether the exam was administered at a test center or through
online proctoring. It is prohibited to attempt to intentionally disrupt any administration of the ARE, the
processing of examination scoring, or the delivery of examination results in any way.
The consequences may be any or all the following:
Test Administrator Action:
• Inspect and/or confiscate inappropriate materials and/or devices accessed.
• Immediate dismissal from the test appointment.
Initial NCARB Action:
• Issue warning letter to candidate and send copy to candidate’s board, and/or
• Forward to PCC for review.
o Send candidate notification of PCC review and permit 30 days for response by candidate.
o Send copy of PCC notification to candidate’s board.
NCARB PCC Action:
• Following review, recommend any or all the following:
o Issue warning letter to candidate and send copy to candidate’s board.
o Recommend action to NCARB’s Board of Directors including any or all the following:
Cancellation of score(s) for the impacted division(s) and any subsequent division(s)
taken.
Suspension of test authorization for all divisions indefinitely.
Prohibit granting of an NCARB Certificate indefinitely.
Any other sanction permitted under the PCC Rules of Procedure.
NCARB Board of Directors Action:
• Review and act upon final decision.
• Notification of action taken will be forwarded to the candidate and the candidate’s board.
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National Council of Architectural Registration Boards
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